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. 2018 Jun 11;9:1331. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01331

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Copyright © 2018 Corsetti, de Almeida, Gonçalves, Gomes, Guimarães, Marques and Oliveira.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes occurs 30 min after Brucella abortus infection of macrophages. Bone marrow-derived macrophages from C57BL/6 mice were obtained and infected with B. abortus strain 2308 for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 18, or 24 h. Total RNA were extracted and cDNA for IL-12 (A), IL-1β (B), TNF-α (C), or IL-6 (D) were assessed by real-time PCR to determine the level of differential expression compared with non-infected (NI) cells (0 h post-infection). The results were normalized to β-actin. Error bars represent the mean ± SD. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. Statistically significant differences of gene expression from infected compared with NI cells are denoted by an asterisk (p < 0.05).