Absence of short 5′ UTRs in B. subtilis lacking components of the Y-complex. Rend-seq 5′-mapped (orange) and 3′-mapped (blue) read counts are plotted for the rpoB (A), yqhL (B), and dacA (C) regions of the B. subtilis genome from wild-type (WT) cells (strain 3610, ∆epsH background) and mutants lacking ylbF, ymcA, and yaaT. Horizontal lines below gene annotations indicate potential isoforms predicted by Rend-seq for WT cells. For rpoB and dacA, transcription continues past the regions shown into downstream genes. Vertical arrows point to positions of the 5′ ends of isoforms that disappear in mutants lacking components of the Y-complex. Peak shadows are removed from Rend-seq data (SI Appendix, Extended Materials and Methods) (37). RPM, reads per million.