Table 5.
Accuracy of WHI-OS Question on Self-Reported History of Periodontal Disease Compared With Selected OsteoPerio Baseline Criterion Measures According to Age, Education, and Smoking Status (n = 972)
| Criterion Periodontal Measure (Prevalence) | Sensitivity* | Specificity* | Positive Predictive Value* | Negative Predictive Value* | LR+ | LR− | κ Coefficients† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aged <65 years (n = 479) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (5%) | 80.8 (65.6 to 95.9) | 75.5 (71.5 to 79.5) | 15.9 (9.7 to 22.1) | 98.6 (97.3 to 99.8) | 3.30 | 0.25 | 0.19 (0.11 to 0.27) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (15%) | 60.8 (49.7 to 71.9) | 78.5 (74.5 to 82.5) | 34.1 (26.0 to 42.2) | 91.6 (88.7 to 94.6) | 2.48 | 0.52 | 0.29 (0.20 to 0.39) |
| ACH composite|| (20%) | 59.6 (49.9 to 69.3) | 80.8 (76.8 to 84.8) | 44.7 (36.2 to 53.2) | 88.5 (85.1 to 91.8) | 3.10 | 0.50 | 0.36 (0.26 to 0.45) |
|
| |||||||
| Aged ≥65 years (n = 493) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (9%) | 73.5 (61.1 to 85.8) | 79.5 (75.7 to 83.3) | 28.3 (20.5 to 36.2) | 96.4 (94.6 to 98.3) | 3.59 | 0.33 | 0.31 (0.21 to 0.40) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (15%) | 51.9 (40.8 to 63.1) | 79.1 (75.2 to 83.0) | 31.5 (23.4 to 39.6) | 89.9 (86.8 to 93.0) | 2.48 | 0.61 | 0.24 (0.14 to 0.34) |
| ACH composite|| (32%) | 45.3 (37.5 to 53.0) | 83.5 (79.6 to 87.5) | 56.7 (48.1 to 65.3) | 76.2 (71.9 to 80.6) | 2.75 | 0.66 | 0.30 (0.21 to 0.39) |
|
| |||||||
| Highest education | |||||||
| High school (n = 203) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (9%) | 78.9 (60.6 to 97.3) | 76.1 (69.9 to 82.3) | 25.4 (14.3 to 36.5) | 97.2 (94.5 to 99.9) | 3.30 | 0.28 | 0.28 (0.14 to 0.41) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (20%) | 51.2 (35.9 to 66.5) | 76.5 (70.0 to 83.1) | 35.6 (23.4 to 47.8) | 86.1 (80.5 to 91.8) | 2.18 | 0.64 | 0.24 (0.09 to 0.38) |
| ACH composite|| (28%) | 47.4 (34.4 to 60.3) | 78.1 (71.4 to 84.8) | 45.8 (33.1 to 58.5) | 79.2 (72.5 to 85.8) | 2.16 | 0.67 | 0.25 (0.10 to 0.39) |
| College (n = 413) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (9%) | 76.3 (62.8 to 89.8) | 79.7 (75.7 to 83.8) | 27.6 (19.1 to 36.2) | 97.1 (95.2 to 99.0) | 3.76 | 0.30 | 0.31 (0.21 to 0.41) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (15%) | 52.3 (40.2 to 64.4) | 79.6 (75.4 to 83.8) | 32.4 (23.4 to 41.3) | 89.9 (86.6 to 93.3) | 2.56 | 0.60 | 0.26 (0.14 to 0.36) |
| ACH composite|| (29%) | 48.3 (39.4 to 57.3) | 84.0 (79.8 to 88.2) | 55.2 (45.7 to 64.7) | 79.9 (75.4 to 84.3) | 3.02 | 0.62 | 0.34 (0.23 to 0.43) |
| Graduate school (n = 338) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (5%) | 70.6 (48.9 to 92.2) | 75.7 (71.0 to 80.4) | 13.3 (6.3 to 20.4) | 98.0 (96.2 to 99.7) | 2.91 | 0.39 | 0.15 (0.05 to 0.24) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (12%) | 65.9 (51.3 to 80.4) | 78.8 (74.1 to 83.4) | 30.0 (20.5 to 39.5) | 94.4 (91.5 to 97.2) | 3.11 | 0.43 | 0.29 (0.18 to 0.40) |
| ACH composite (22%) | 57.1 (46.1 to 68.2) | 82.4 (77.8 to 87.0) | 48.9 (38.6 to 59.2) | 86.7 (82.5 to 90.9) | 3.24 | 0.52 | 0.37 (0.26 to 0.48) |
|
| |||||||
| Never smokers (n = 526) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (5%) | 74.1 (57.5 to 90.6) | 79.8 (76.2 to 83.3) | 16.5 (9.9 to 23.1) | 98.3 (97.0 to 99.5) | 3.67 | 0.32 | 0.20 (0.11 to 0.29) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (12%) | 46.2 (34.0 to 58.3) | 80.3 (76.6 to 83.9) | 24.8 (17.1 to 32.5) | 91.4 (88.6 to 94.1) | 2.35 | 0.67 | 0.19 (0.09 to 0.28) |
| ACH composite|| (20%) | 48.2 (38.8 to 57.5) | 83.7 (80.1 to 87.2) | 43.8 (35.0 to 52.6) | 85.9 (82.5 to 89.3) | 2.96 | 0.62 | 0.31 (0.21 to 0.40) |
|
| |||||||
| Ever smokers (n = 446) | |||||||
| Tooth loss‡ (10%) | 77.1 (65.2 to 89.0) | 74.6 (70.3 to 78.9) | 26.8 (19.4 to 34.2) | 96.4 (94.4 to 98.5) | 3.04 | 0.31 | 0.28 (0.19 to 0.37) |
| Severe periodontitis§ (19%) | 64.0 (53.8 to 74.1) | 76.9 (72.6 to 81.3) | 39.9 (31.7 to 48.0) | 89.9 (86.6 to 93.3) | 2.77 | 0.47 | 0.33 (0.23 to 0.42) |
| ACH composite|| (33%) | 52.7 (44.7 to 60.7) | 79.9 (75.3 to 84.4) | 56.5 (48.3 to 64.8) | 77.3 (72.6 to 82.0) | 2.62 | 0.59 | 0.33 (0.23 to 0.42) |
Of the 972 females in the present analysis, 259 (26.6%) self-reported having been told that they had periodontal/gum disease. Sensitivity = percentage of females above criterion threshold who reported having periodontal disease; Specificity = percentage of females below criterion threshold who did not report having periodontal disease; Positive Predictive Value = percentage of females reporting periodontal disease who were above criterion threshold; Negative Predictive Value = percentage of females not reporting periodontal disease who were below criterion threshold; LR+ = ratio of proportion of true positives (sensitivity) to proportion of false positives (1-specificity); LR− = ratio of proportion of false negatives (1-sensitivity) to proportion of true negatives (specificity).
Data are percentage (95% CI).
κ coefficient (95% CI).
Tooth loss to periodontitis.
Severe periodontitis by CDC/AAP criteria.
Composite criterion measure defined as ≥1 tooth with worst-site ACH ≥6 mm, tooth loss attributable to periodontal disease, or severe periodontal disease status by CDC/AAP criteria.