Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 1,432 patients with or without shunt intervention in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.
| Unadjusted | Matched (1:1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-shunt [number] | Shunt [number] | p-value | Non-shunt [number] | Shunt [number] | p-value | |
| possible iNPH patients (%) | 449 (31.6%) | 974 (68.4%) | 437 (50%) | 437 (50%) | ||
| Age: mean (SD) | 77.9 (6.62) | 75.8 (6.12) | < 0.001 | 77.4 (6.48) | 77.0 (5.50) | 0.184 |
| Gender: male (%) | 264 (58.8%) | 578 (59.3%) | 257(58.8%) | 258 (59%) | ||
| INITIAL SYMPTOMS | ||||||
| Gait disturbance (%) | 297 (66.1%) | 749 (76.9%) | 291 (66.5%) | 296 (67.7%) | ||
| Cognitive impairment (%) | 163 (36.3%) | 353 (36.2%) | 158 (36.2%) | 150 (34.8%) | ||
| Urinary incontinence (%) | 65 (14.5%) | 185 (19.0%) | 64 (14.6%) | 56 (12.8%) | ||
| EXAMINATION | ||||||
| PVI (%) | 272 (60.6%) | 569 (58.4%) | 264 (79.4%) | 264 (79.4%) | ||
| CIL (%) | 42 (9.4%) | 94 (9.7%) | 41 (9.4%) | 40 (9.2%) | ||
| COMORBIDITY | ||||||
| Hypertension (%) | 162 (36.1%) | 403 (41.4%) | 159 (36.4%) | 157 (35.9%) | ||
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 52 (11.6%) | 139 (14.3%) | 52 (11.9%) | 47 (10.8%) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 70 (15.6%) | 181 (18.5%) | 68 (15.6%) | 63 (14.4%) | ||
| Cervical spondylosis (%) | 14 (3.1%) | 33 (3.4%) | 14 (3.2%) | 9 (2.1%) | ||
| Lumbar spondylosis (%) | 37 (8.2%) | 114 (11.7%) | 34 (7.8%) | 38 (8.7%) | ||
| Alzheimer's disease (%) | 93 (20.3%) | 108 (11.1%) | 87 (19.9%) | 75 (17.2%) | ||
| OUTCOME | ||||||
| mRS grade at baseline: mean (SD) | 2.55 (0.71) | 2.70 (0.77) | < 0.001 | 2.51 (0.68) | 2.53 (0.69) | 0.597 |
| mRS outcome grade: mean (SD) | 2.51 (0.88) | 2.00 (0.93) | < 0.001 | 2.46 (0.88) | 1.93 (0.93) | < 0.001 |
| mRS improved (%) | 64 (14.3%) | 582 (59.8%) | 61 (14.0%) | 240 (54.9%) | ||
PVI, Periventricular hyperintensity; CIL, Chronic ischemic lesion; mRS, modified Rankin Scale. Data represent the number (percentage) or mean (SD). We examined subjects with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus to compare the non-shunt intervention group to the shunt intervention group using the Mann-Whitney U test. We adjusted for age, gait disturbance, comorbidity of Alzheimer's disease, and mRS grade at baseline by propensity score matching (0.31–0.901), and confirmation was obtained by the Wilcoxon sign-rank test and McNemar test.