Table 3.
Body composition and metabolic disease risk factors after 12 weeks1
| Time restricted feeding (n = 23) | Control (n = 23) | P-value Time×group3 | |||
| Baseline2 | Week 12 | Baseline2 | Week 12 | ||
| Body weight (kg) | 95 ± 3 | 92 ± 3 | 92 ± 3 | 92 ± 3 | <0.001 |
| Fat mass (kg)4 | 42 ± 2 | 40 ± 2 | 37 ± 2 | 37 ± 2 | 0.23 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 50 ± 2 | 50 ± 2 | 53 ± 2 | 53 ± 2 | 0.12 |
| Visceral fat mass (kg) | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 0.19 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 35 ± 1 | 34 ± 1 | 34 ± 1 | 34 ± 1 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 128 ± 4 | 121 ± 3 | 123 ± 4 | 124 ± 3 | 0.02 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 83 ± 2 | 82 ± 2 | 81 ± 2 | 82 ± 2 | 0.41 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 69 ± 2 | 71 ± 2 | 73 ± 2 | 73 ± 3 | 0.33 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 177 ± 7 | 178 ± 9 | 192 ± 7 | 185 ± 7 | 0.15 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 108 ± 5 | 110 ± 7 | 114 ± 7 | 112 ± 6 | 0.54 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 48 ± 2 | 49 ± 2 | 61 ± 3 | 55 ± 2 | 0.11 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)4 | 105 ± 11 | 93 ± 9 | 89 ± 7 | 89 ± 11 | 0.43 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 79 ± 4 | 82 ± 2 | 87 ± 2 | 87 ± 2 | 0.77 |
| Fasting insulin (uIU/ml)4 | 8.3 ± 1.0 | 5.7 ± 0.7 | 9.2 ± 1.4 | 10.3 ± 1.9 | 0.16 |
| HOMA-IR4 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.21 |
| Homocysteine (μmol/l)4 | 9.9 ± 0.6 | 9.0 ± 0.5 | 10.1 ± 0.5 | 9.4 ± 0.5 | 0.83 |
1All values reported as mean ± SEM. Data were included for 46 participants; means were estimated using an intention-to-treat analysis using last observation carried forward. HOMA-IR: Homeostatic model assessment Insulin resistance; RMR: Resting metabolic rate. 2Baseline variables: No difference between groups for any parameter (Independent samples t-test). 3 P values reported for the time restricted feeding group relative to the control group (group×time interaction) using repeated-measures 2-factor ANOVA. 4Significant main effect of time, P < 0.05.