Fig. 4.

Administration with tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) prevents working memory deficit in AβPP/PS1 mice as measured by the novel object recognition task. A) Schematic representation of the novel object recognition test. Following pre-habituation and habituation in the empty arena, mice were allowed to explore an identical pair of objects placed in the arena for 10 min as the training session. After a 1 h stay in the home cage, the mice were returned to the arena where two objects, one familiar and one novel, were placed in the same locations as in the training session. The time spent exploring the two objects was recorded. B) All groups spent approximately equal time exploring the two identical objects during the training trial, indicating no inherent place preference. C) Tg-ctrl mice spent significantly less time exploring the novel object compared to WT-ctrl mice as indicated by the lower mean recognition index, while TRF treatment of Tg mice (Tg-TRF group) increased the recognition index to the WT-ctrl level. Data represent mean±S.E.M. [Bonferroni post hoc test after analysis of variance (WT-ctrl, n = 12; Tg-ctrl, n = 8; Tg-TRF; n = 9; Tg-PO, n = 9)]. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001.