Table 5.
Pre- and postoperative findings in the decreased- and increased-conformer groups
| Decreased-conformer ratio | Increased-conformer ratio | Decreased versus increased | |||||||||||||
| Baseline (B) | 1 year after (1 y) | 2 years after (2 y) | p-value | Baseline (B) | 1 year after (1 y) | 2 years after (2 y) | p-value | p-value | |||||||
| B versus 1 y | B versus 2 y | 1 versus 2 y | B versus 1 y | B versus 2 y | 1 versus | B | 1y | 2y | |||||||
| Neuropsychological test: median [min-max] | |||||||||||||||
| MMSE | 23 [13–29] | 27 [18–29] | 27 [19–30] | ***<0.001 | ***<0.001 | 0.804 | 23 [18–28] | 26 [19–29] | 22 [17–26] | 0.087 | *0.036 | ** 0.001 | 0.820 | 0.156 | *** 0.000 |
| FAB | 12 [4–17] | 14 [7–18] | 14 [18-17] | ** 0.003 | *0.029 | 0.246 | 10 [3–14] | 11 [9–14] | 10 [6–15] | 0.260 | 0.964 | 0.094 | 0.302 | *0.016 | *0.010 |
| Clinical findings: median [min-max] | |||||||||||||||
| mRS | 3 [1–4] | 2 [1–4] | 2 [0–4] | ** 0.007 | ***<0.001 | 0.071 | 3 [2–4] | 3 [1–4] | 3 [1–4] | ** 0.008 | ** 0.005 | 0.564 | *0.039 | *0.028 | ** 0.006 |
| iNPHGS | |||||||||||||||
| Gait disturbance | 2 [1–4] | 1 [0–3] | 1 [0–3] | ***<0.001 | ***<0.001 | 0.248 | 2 [1–4] | 2 [0–3] | 2 [0–3] | *0.011 | 0.107 | 0.414 | 0.555 | 0.155 | *0.024 |
| Dementia | 2 [1–3] | 1 [0–3] | 1 [0–3] | ** 0.003 | ***<0.001 | 0.248 | 2 [1–3] | 2 [0–3] | 2 [0–3] | *0.023 | 0.206 | 0.102 | 0.128 | *0.028 | ** 0.001 |
| Urinary incontinence | 2 [0–3] | 1 [0–3] | 1 [0–3] | ** 0.001 | ***<0.001 | 0.083 | 2 [0–3] | 2 [0–3] | 1 [0–3] | *0.014 | *0.030 | 0.334 | *0.002 | *0.025 | *0.046 |
| Biomarkers: mean ± SD | Baseline (B) | 1 year after (1 y) | 1 y/B | B versus 1 y | Baseline (B) | 1 year after (1 y) | Decreased versus Increased (B) | Decreased versus Increased (1 y) | ||
| pTau (pg/ml) | 19.9 ± 5.0 | 56.4 ± 26.0 | 2.83 | ***<0.001 | 20.0 ± 4.0 | 56.3 ± 35.2 | 2.82 | ***<0.001 | 0.977 | 0.660 |
| Aβ42 (pg/ml) | 458.4 ± 225.7 | 850.3 ± 188.3 | 1.85 | ***<0.001 | 503.9 ± 219.3 | 564.7 ± 275.6 | 1.12 | 0.466 | 0.523 | **0.003 |
| Aβ42 toxic conformer (pg/ml) | 49.0 ± 19.6 | 65.4 ± 15.4 | 1.33 | ***<0.001 | 48.4 ± 13.3 | 70.5 ± 20.9 | 1.46 | ***<0.001 | 0.809 | 0.701 |
| Aβ42 toxic conformer ratio (%) | 13.1 ± 9.5 | 8.0 ± 2.5 | 0.61 | ***<0.001 | 10.8 ± 4.5 | 15.1 ± 6.4 | 1.40 | ** 0.001 | 0.285 | ***<0.001 |
Results are shown as the median [minimum-maximum] or mean ± SD. Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the comparison of the decreased-conformer versus increased-conformer groups, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for all other comparisons. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 were considered to be statistically significant. MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; FAB, frontal assessment battery; mRS, modified Rankin scale; INPHGS, iNPH grading scale.