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. 2018 Apr 25;33(6):707–714. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czy041

Table 2.

Comparison of sociodemographic characteristics between CES municipalities vs non-CES municipalities—2015

Variable CES (n = 3) Non-CES (n = 105) P-value
Education (% of population)
 Adult literacy rate 81.5% 80.1% 0.75
 Highest level of education
  No formal education 15.7% 18.1% 0.56
  Primary school 61.9% 61.8% 0.97
  Secondary school 37.3% 37.7% 0.93
  Higher education 3.0% 5.0% 0.37
Employment (% of population)
 Employed with a salary 34.3% 44.3% 0.43
 Agricultural worker 66.3% 56.0% 0.41
 Income below minimum wage 61.7% 46.9% 0.20
 Economically active 34.1% 39.4% 0.11
Housing (% of households)
 Dirt floor in house 14.1% 13.6% 0.92
 Wood/coal as cooking fuel 84.7% 72.3% 0.30
 Gas as cooking fuel 13.6% 25.7% 0.30
 Access to car 19.5% 11.3% 0.047
 Access to telecommunications
  Internet 1.9% 3.5% 0.48
  Computer 3.7% 5.4% 0.47
  Cellular telephone 38.0% 44.7% 0.59
  Fixed line telephone 2.7% 4.9% 0.34
  Television 73.1% 65.4% 0.50