Table 2.
Representation of Women in Hypertension Clinical Trials
| Article | Trial Name (Reference) |
N (total) | Women | % Women | Results Stratified by Sex |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effects on Blood Pressure of Reduced Dietary Sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet | DASH diet, sodium intake and blood pressure trial (DASH-sodium)(24) | DASH Diet (n=208) Control Diet (n=204) | N=233 (56.5%) |
DASH Diet=59; Control Diet=54 | In all subgroups, including sex, DASH diet and reduced sodium intake, were each associated with decreases in blood pressure (p=0.07) (124) |
| Effects of losartan in women with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: results from the Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction in Hypertension Study | Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) Study (120) | 9193 | 4963 | 54 | Treatment effect consistent in women and men but more women in losartan group required hospitalization for angina (120). |
| A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting--enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly | Second Australian National Blood Pressure Study Group (121) | 6083 | N=3102 | 51 | ACE-inhibitor-based regimen benefit was restricted to men (121) |
| Influence of Age, Sex and Blood Pressure on the Principal Endpoints of the Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) Study | Nordic Diltiazem (NORDIL) Study (116) | 10876 | N=5587 | 51.3% | Consistency of benefit was present across subgroups including sex (116) |
| Influence of gender on prevention of myocardial infarction by antihypertensives and acetylsalicylic acid: the HOT study | Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) Study Group (117) | 18790 | N=8883 | 47.3% | No |
| Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study. Final results. Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study Research Group | Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study (119) | 902 | N=345 | 38.2 | Men and women assigned to active drugs experienced greater and generally similar benefits (123) |
| Outcomes of combined cardiovascular risk factor management strategies in type 2 diabetes: the ACCORD randomized trial | Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Trial (118) | BP trial (n=4733); Lipid trial (n=5518); Glycemia trial (n=10251) | N=2258 BP N=1694 Lipid N=3952 | BP trial=47.7; Lipid trial=30.7; Glycemia trial=38.5 | No |
| A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control | Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT)(122) | Intensive Treatment (N=4678); Standard Treatment (N=4683) | Intensive Treatment (n=1684); Standard Treatment (n=1648) | Intensive Treatment= 36; Standard Treatment=35.2 | No |