Table 2.

Changes in cognitive function from baseline to 12 weeks in young adults with DS participating in a physical activity intervention

Variable	Baseline		12 Weeks		Mean Change			Group effect	Time effect	Group*Time effect	Effect size (cohen’s d)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	95% CI		p-value	p-value	p-value
Attention Switching Task 1								0.122	0.414	0.517	0.25
1 session/week (n=14)	843.7	186.1	838.4	223.7	−5.3	−93.5	82.9
2 sessions/week (n=13)	979.1	250.3	933.2	215.6	−45.9	−137.5	45.6
Attention Switching Task 2								0.134	0.622	0.868	0.07
1 session/week (n=14)	841.0	211.3	849.8	205.9	8.8	−66.9	84.5
2 sessions/week (n=13)	930.9	222.0	948.6	270.1	17.7	−60.9	96.3
Paired Associates Learning 1								0.772	0.048	0.054	0.76
1 session/week (n=14)	46.8	19.2	46.6	19.4	−0.1	−6.5	6.2
2 sessions/week (n=13)	53.3	13.3	43.3	19.1	−9.5	−16.6	−2.4
Paired Associates Learning 2								0.816	0.069	0.052	0.82
1 session/week (n=14)	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.0	−0.1	−1.4	1.2
2 sessions/week (n=13)	3.2	2.6	5.0	3.5	1.9	0.4	3.4
Reaction Time 1								0.309	0.863	0.514	0.32
1 session/week (n=14)	549.5	195.4	579.7	378.3	30.2	−71.4	131.9
2 sessions/week (n=13)	479.6	77.9	479.5	109.2	−17.6	−126.8	91.5
Reaction Time 2								0.387	0.857	0.802	0.43
1 session/week (n=14)	372.9	140.4	374.6	112.3	1.7	−63.2	66.5
2 sessions/week (n=13)	370.5	91.0	412.8	255.5	−10.1	−235.2	90.9

Note. Adjusted for age, education level, race/ethnicity, BMI, number of support staff, number living at home.