Table 5.

Adjusted total, pre-, and post-transplant hospitalization costs based on VAD type

	N	(%)		Median (IQR)		p-value*
Total cost	470	(100%)	$755,345	($580,149 -	$1,059,854)	-
Device Type
Pulsatile	291	(61.9%)	$802,081	($622,525 -	$1,134,111)
Continuous Flow	128	(27.2%)	$645,452	($493,864 -	$914,146)	<0.001
Other/Unspecified	51	(10.9%)	$788,114	($572,323 -	$1,174,256)
Ventricular Support
LVAD Only	326	(69.4%)	$757,225	($580,018 -	$1,070,857)
BiVAD	102	(21.7%)	$742,364	($581,739 -	$1,149,024)	0.824
Other/Unspecified	42	(8.9%)	$787,581	($571,696 -	$958,182)
Pre-transplant costs	470	(100%)	$420,636	($307,009 -	$629,622)	-
Device Type
Pulsatile	291	(61.9%)	$471,315	($344,898 -	$708,881)
Continuous Flow	128	(27.2%)	$333,745	($232,198 -	$463,225)	<0.001
Other/Unspecified	51	(10.9%)	$421,844	($284,887 -	$665,486)
Ventricular Support
LVAD Only	326	(69.4%)	$435,600	($317,010 -	$650,728)
BiVAD	102	(21.7%)	$390,890	($282,342 -	$646,520)	0.383
Other/Unspecified	42	(8.9%)	$408,044	($298,648 -	$568,420)
Post-transplant costs	470	(100%)	$329,198	($264,426 -	$442,113)	-
Device Type
Pulsatile	291	(61.9%)	$328,443	($269,194 -	$448,250)
Continuous Flow	128	(27.2%)	$308,025	($260,492 -	$424,569)	0.181
Other/Unspecified	51	(10.9%)	$356,339	($274,761 -	$471,299)
Ventricular Support
LVAD Only	326	(69.4%)	$317,481	($262,035 -	$436,904)
BiVAD	102	(21.7%)	$378,736	($282,637 -	$472,461)	0.047
Other/Unspecified	42	(8.9%)	$350,867	($281,315 -	$402,451)

^*p-values from the Wilcoxon rank sum test comparing pulsatile to continuous flow VAD and LVAD to BiVAD

Cost expressed as median (interquartile range), inflated to 2016 dollars

Variables included in risk-adjustment model:

• Age, diagnosis, race, blood type, hospital, ECMO (pre- or post-transplant), VAD, ventilator, inotropic support, ICU LOS, transplant year, need for dialysis post-transplant