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. 2018 Jun 12;9:1266. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01266

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Copyright © 2018 Zhang, Zhang, Fu, Liu and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Estradiol and progesterone induce parasite egress from host cells. (A) HFFs were infected with T. gondii for approximately 36 h, followed by treatment with progesterone or estradiol. Red arrows, estradiol pretreated T. gondii; Green arrows, progesterone pretreated parasites; Mazarine arrows, DMSO pretreated parasites. (B) Statistical analysis of the percentage of egressed parasites. Error bars represent ± SD for 100 vacuoles counted in triplicate from three biological replicates. A23187, positive control; DMSO, negative control. (C) Progesterone and estradiol enhanced egress-related PLP1 protein expression compared with the DMSO group. The PLP1 polyclonal antibody was prepared in our laboratory.