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. 2018 Jun 12;9:763. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00763

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

PSP1 compatibility with commercial agrochemical products: insecticide (I), herbicide (H) and fungicide (F1) combined with different adjuvants. The tested mixtures with adjuvant A2 are shown in (A): PSP1+A2, H+A2, PSP1+H+A2, F1+A2 and PSP1+F1+A2; and those with adjuvant A3 are shown in (B): PSP1+A3, I+A3, PSP1+I+A3, F1+A3 and PSP1+F1+A3. These mixtures were applied in soybean plants grown under controlled conditions 3 days prior to inoculation with the virulent strain C4 of C. cassiicola (5 × 104 conidia/ml) and induced resistance against sobean target spot (STS) was determined. Nine biological replicates (potted plants) were assessed for each treatment and the experiment was carried out twice. Factorial ANOVA test indicated no significant differences between the two experimental repetitions (P > 0.05) and results from one representative experiment are shown. STS severity was evaluated on V3 and V4 trifoliate leaves of soybean plants treated with a product or mock (pathogen control) as the percentage of leaf area covered with disease symptoms and calculated as disease severity index (DSI) at 4, 7, and 10 days post-inoculation (dpi). Mean values of DSI at different time points are reported for each treatment calculated from one representative experiment with nine biological replicates. Values followed by different letters are significantly different according to Tukey’s HSD test (P < 0.05). Bold letters indicate statistically significant differences in STS protection of PSP1-treated plants as compared to mock-treated soybean plants, both infected with pathogenic strain C4 (Dunnett’s test; P < 0.05).