Table 2.
A list of priority candidate genes for stem lodging-related traits.
| Candidate genes | Gene name | Homolog | Gene function | Trait |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BnaA03g47330D | TBL18 | AT4G25360.2 | Encodes a member of the TBL gene family. Involves in the synthesis and deposition of secondary wall cellulose. | SBR |
| BnaA05g15310D | 4CL1 | AT1G51680.1 | Encodes an isoform of 4-coumarate:coa ligase, which is involved in the last step of the general phenylpropanoid pathway. | SBR |
| BnaA05g16350D | CSLD6 | AT1G32180.1 | Encodes a gene similar to cellulose synthase. | SBR |
| BnaA08g11640D | CCoAOMT1 | AT4G34050.1 | Caffeoyl-coa O-methyltransferase activity, involves in coumarin biosynthetic process. | SBR |
| BnaA09g06870D | XND1 | AT5G64530.1 | Involves in xylem development. | SBR |
| BnaA09g06990Da | CESA6 | AT5G64740.1 | Encodes a cellulose synthase isomer. Involves in primary cell wall biogenesis. | SBR |
| BnaA10g24260D | TBR | AT5G06700.1 | Encodes a member of the TBL gene family. Involves in the synthesis and deposition of secondary wall cellulose. | SBR |
| BnaC04g47040D | TBL33 | AT2G40320.1 | Encodes a member of the TBL gene family. Involves in the synthesis and deposition of secondary wall cellulose. | SBR |
| BnaC08g26400D | EXPA16 | AT3G55500.1 | Involves in plant-type cell wall loosening, modification, multidimensional cell growth, and organization. | SBR, SD, SS |
| BnaC08g26920D | ESK1 | AT3G55990.1 | Encodes a member of the TBL gene family. Involves in the synthesis and deposition of secondary wall cellulose, xylan biosynthetic process. | SBR, SD |
| BnaC08g26930D | CSLA14 | AT3G56000.1 | Encodes a gene similar to cellulose synthase. | SBR, SD |
| BnaA08g07050D | BRX | AT1G31880.1 | Encodes a key regulator of cell proliferation and elongation in the root. | SD |
| BnaA05g14370Db | ARF2 | AT5G62000.3 | Encodes an auxin response factor. | SS |
| BnaC02g23170D | FRA2 | AT1G80350.1 | Involves multidimensional cell growth, plant-type cell wall biogenesis. | SS |
| BnaC03g22200D | EXPA4 | AT2G39700.1 | Involves in plant-type cell wall loosening, modification, multidimensional cell growth, and organization. | SS |
| BnaA04g03540D | EXPA16 | AT3G55500.1 | Involves in plant-type cell wall loosening, modification, multidimensional cell growth, and organization. | LC |
| BnaA07g10240D | CEL5 | AT1G22880.1 | Involves in cell wall organization, cellulose catabolic process | LC |
| BnaA07g12000D | IRX14L | AT5G67230.1 | Encodes a member of the GT43 family glycosyltransferases. Involves in cell wall organization, glucuronoxylan biosynthetic process, plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis. | LC |
| BnaC04g39510Dc | FRA8 | AT2G28110.1 | A member of glycosyltransferase family 47 that is involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis. |
SBR, stem breaking resistance; SD, stem diameter; SS, stem strength; LC, lodging coefficient. aThis gene was identified using GWAS and gene co-expression network. bThis gene was identified using GWAS, it was also differentially expressed between high-SBR and low-SBR. cThis gene was only identified using gene co-expression network.