Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, and cognitive performance in NC, MCI, and probable AD subjects
| NC (n = 34) | MCI (n = 41) | Probable AD (n = 30) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 70±6.8A, C, | 75±5.8B, C | 80±8.3A, B | <0.001 |
| Female | 24 (70) | 22 (53)B | 23 (76)B | 0.100 |
| Education, years | 12±5A | 10±7.3B | 3±3.8A, B | <0.001 |
| Body mass index | 26±3.8A | 25±3.7B | 23±4.2A, B | 0.072 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 3 (8)A, C | 18 (43)C, | 10 (33)A | 0.002 |
| Hypertension | 13 (38)C, | 25 (61)C, | 16 (53) | 0.045 |
| Dyslipidemia | 13 (38)A | 14 (35)B | 23 (76)A, B | <0.001 |
| Smoking status, yes | 12 (35)A | 20 (48)B | 23 (76)A, B | <0.001 |
| GDS | 2±2.2A | 3±2.7 | 3±2.9A | 0.035 |
| Katz | 5±0.3A | 5±0.41B | 4±1.5A, B | <0.001 |
| Lawton | 7±0.3A, C | 6±1.4B, C | 2±2.0A, B | <0.001 |
| MMSE | 29±0.91A | 27±4.2B | 14±5.6A, B | <0.001 |
| NEUROPSI | ||||
| Orientation | 6±0A | 6±0B | 4.57±1 | <0.001 |
| Attention | 20.7±3A, C | 16.5±4B | 12.5±4 | <0.001 |
| Memory | 40.6±4A, C | 34.1±7B | 20.3±3 | <0.001 |
| Language | 23.2±3A, C | 21.4±2B | 18.5±2 | <0.001 |
| Reading and writing | 4.8±0.5A | 4.7±2.5B | 2±2 | <0.001 |
| Executive functions | 15.8±2A, C | 13.5±3B | 8.7±4 | <0.001 |
| Visuospatial and visuoconstructive (copy) abilities | 12.2±8 | 10.6±2 | 7.8±3 | 0.052 |
Values are means ± standard deviations or n (%). NC, normal cognition; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer disease; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; Katz, Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living; Lawton, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; NEUROPSI, brief Neuropsychological Evaluation in Spanish.
A
Post-hoc Bonferroni analysis: AD versus NC, p < 0.05
B
Post-hoc Bonferroni analysis: AD versus MCI, p < 0.05
C
Post-hoc Bonferroni analysis: MCI versus NC, p < 0.05.