Table 1.
Clinical, medical, and procedural characteristics
| Characteristics | VASP-guided group | Control group | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 241) | (n = 240) | ||
| Age (y) | 64.4 ± 3.2 | 62.8 ± 4.3 | 0.58 |
| Age ≥ 75 years | 61(25.3) | 64(26.7) | 0.72 |
| Men | 128(53.4) | 122(50.8) | 0.62 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.7 ± 4.2 | 25.3 ± 2.1 | 0.88 |
| Current Smoker | 87(36.2) | 96(40.1) | 0.55 |
| AF category | |||
| Paroxysmal | 92(38.4) | 96(40.2) | 0.7 |
| Persistent/permanent | 123(51.3) | 119(49.7) | 0.84 |
| Unknown | 26(10.3) | 25(10.1) | 0.98 |
| Medical history | |||
| Diabetes | 68(28.4) | 75(31.3) | 0.43 |
| Hypertension | 141(58.8) | 144(60.3) | 0.57 |
| Previous heart failure | 41(17.1) | 52(21.9) | 0.19 |
| Previous stroke or | 25(10.3) | 28(11.6) | 0.65 |
| thromboembolism | |||
| Previous bleeding | 16(6.7) | 13(5.5) | 0.53 |
| CHA2DS2 -VASc Score | 3.7 ± 0.6 | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 0.87 |
| CHA2DS2 -VASc Score ≥ 2 | 174(72.4) | 168(70.3) | 0.35 |
| HAS-BLED Score | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 0.76 |
| HAS-BLED Score ≥ 3 | 61(25.3) | 59(24.8) | 0.64 |
| LVEF | 52.3 ± 4.4 | 51.0 ± 3.9 | 0.59 |
| Treatment on admission | |||
| Previous aspirin | 31(12.8) | 33(14.0) | 0.21 |
| Previous clopidogrel | 13(5.4) | 14(7.3) | 0.48 |
| Previous oral anticoagulation | 131(54.3) | 119(49.7) | 0.65 |
| Indication for the catheterisation procedure | |||
| Stable angina | 188(78.5) | 168(70.2) | 0.74 |
| Silent myocardial ischaemia | 52(21.5) | 71(29.8) | 0.17 |
| Platelet (×109/L) | 202 ± 23 | 183 ± 17 | 0.28 |
| Cr (μmmol/L) | 98.3 | 89.4 | 0.13 |
| Mean INR on day of procedure | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 0.72 |
| Pharmacotherapy | |||
| RAS inhibitors | 212(88.2) | 200(83.5) | 0.61 |
| Statins | 237(98.3) | 237(98.7) | 0.98 |
| β-Blockers | 123(51.4) | 132(55.3) | 0.76 |
| Digoxin | 32(13.4) | 41(17.2) | 0.25 |
| Amiodarone | 62(25.9) | 46(19.4) | 0.09 |
| Procedural characteristics | |||
| No. of lesions treated per patient | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.88 |
| No. of stents per patient | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.64 |
| Patients receiving DES | 241(100) | 240(100) | 1 |
| GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors | 61(25.4) | 67(28.1) | 0.38 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD or n (%)
AF atrial fibrillation, BMI body mass index, Cr creatinine, GP glycoprotein, INR international normalised ratio, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, RAS renin-angiotensin system