Table 1.
Glossary of technical terms used.
| Concept | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cognification | The process of making objects smarter by combining, connecting and/or integrating 2 or more technologies; one of which is AI (Kelly, 2016). Also known as “artificial smartness”. |
| Artificial Intelligence (AI) | “The scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behavior and their embodiment in machines” (AAAI, 1995-2013). |
| Smart computing | A generation of integrated hardware, software, and network technologies that provide IT systems with real-time awareness of the real world and advanced analytics to help people make more intelligent decisions about alternatives and actions that will optimize processes (Bartels et al., 2009). |
| Cloud computing | A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction (Mell and Grance, 2011). |
| Affective computing | Computing that relates to, arises from, or influences emotions (Picard, 1997). |
| Internet of Things (IoT) | The networked interconnection of everyday objects, which are often equipped with ubiquitous intelligence. Also known as “Internet of Objects” (Xia et al., 2012). |
| Deep learning | A pattern recognition technique that allows computational models that are composed of multiple processing layers to learn representations of data with multiple levels of abstraction (LeCun et al., 2015). |
| Smart device | An electronic or digital mobile device that has advanced computational processing power, possess multiple capabilities (e.g., voice and video communication, data storage), can operate independently and interactively by being linked to other devices or networks via various wireless connections e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth (Bamidis et al., 2015). |
| Android | A mobile operating system designed primarily for touchscreen devices such as smartphone and tablet computers, and for other electronics such as smart televisions (Android TV), and smart watches (Bamidis et al., 2015). |
| iOS | A mobile operating system developed by Apple, which works in a similar way to the Android. |