Table 1.
Bivariate analysis of survival by variable categories
| Variables | Nonsurvivors n = 306 (21.8%) |
Survivors n = 1100 (78.2%) |
TOTAL n = 1406 |
P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | |||||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 78.2 | (8.3) | 76.3 | (7.8) | 76.7 | (7.9) | 0.002 |
| Sex, n (%) | 131 | (22.8) | 443 | (77.2) | 574 | (40.8) | 0.424 |
| Man | |||||||
| Woman | 175 | (21.0) | 657 | (79.0) | 832 | (59.2) | |
| Schooling, mean (SD) | 6.9 | (4.9) | 6.2 | (4.9) | 6.3 | (4.9) | 0.039 |
| Civil status, n (%) | |||||||
| Married | 124 | (21.5) | 454 | (78.5) | 578 | (43.9) | 0.229 |
| Widower | 108 | (19.7) | 439 | (80.2) | 547 | (41.6) | |
| Other | 49 | (26.7) | 142 | (74.3) | 191 | (14.5) | |
| Lives alone, n (%) | 32 | (22.5) | 110 | (77.5) | 142 | (10.4) | 0.718 |
| Financial situation, n (%) | |||||||
| I do not have money problems | 103 | (20.6) | 395 | (79.4) | 498 | (39.4) | 0.29 |
| It is difficult to cover my expenses | 132 | (22.5) | 456 | (77.5) | 588 | (46.5) | |
| My expenses are too much, I cannot cover them | 32 | (17.9) | 146 | (82.0) | 178 | (14.1) | |
| Health Service | |||||||
| Waiting time in the ED, mean, hours (DE) | 4.45 | (5.9) | 4.9 | (5.9) | 4.8 | (5.9) | 0.298 |
| Number of visits to ED, n (%) | |||||||
| None | 124 | (22.4) | 430 | (77.6) | 554 | (41.4) | 0.775 |
| Once | 84 | (21.7) | 303 | (78.3) | 387 | (28.9) | |
| Twice or more | 81 | (20.4) | 315 | (79.5) | 396 | (29.6) | |
| Visits to the Family Medicine Clinic, median (IQR) | 5 | (0–20) | 5 | (0–25) | 5 | (0–25) | 0.42 |
| Delayed in seeking attention at ED, n (%) | 99 | (18.9) | 425 | (81.1) | 524 | (37.7) | 0.048 |
| Length of stay (in hours) in ED, mean, hours (SD) | 111.6 | (63.2) | 97.84 | (68.0) | 100.8 | (67.2) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital, n (%) | |||||||
| A | 151 | (21.4) | 554 | (78.6) | 705 | (50.1) | 0.753 |
| B | 155 | (22.1) | 546 | (77.9) | 701 | (49.9) | |
| Geriatric care trained residents, n (%) | |||||||
| Yes | 67 | (19.4) | 279 | (80.6) | 346 | (24.6) | |
| No | 239 | (22.5) | 821 | (77.5) | 1060 | (75.4) | 0.213 |
| Referral to hospitalization, n (%) | |||||||
| Yes | 217 | (31.0) | 482 | (69.0) | 699 | (49.7) | 0.000 |
| No | 89 | (12.6) | 618 | (87.4) | 707 | (50.3) | |
| Health | |||||||
| Admission reason, n (%) | |||||||
| Anorexia/weight lost | 2 | (22.2) | 7 | (77.8) | 9 | (1.01) | 0.053 |
| Neurological problems | 15 | (18.1) | 68 | (81.9) | 83 | (5.9) | |
| Associated diabetes problems | 3 | (13.0) | 20 | (86.9) | 23 | (1.6) | |
| Cardiovascular problems | 12 | (14.6) | 70 | (85.3) | 82 | (5.8) | |
| Pneumological problems | 28 | (28.8) | 69 | (71.13) | 97 | (6.9) | |
| Gastrointestinal problems | 55 | (22.0) | 195 | (78.0) | 250 | (17.8) | |
| Genitourinary problems | 8 | (17.4) | 38 | (82.6) | 46 | (3.3) | |
| Nonspecific symptoms | 28 | (15.9) | 148 | (84.1) | 176 | (12.5) | |
| Procedures/other services | 7 | (13.4) | 45 | (86.6) | 52 | (3.7) | |
| Other reasons | 15 | (20.8) | 57 | (79.2) | 72 | (5.1) | |
| Nonspecified | 133 | (25.7) | 383 | (74.3) | 516 | (36.7) | |
| Number of admission reasons, median (RIC) | 2 | (1–7) | 2 | (1–6) | 2 | (1–7) | 0.69 |
| Delirium scale changes, n (%) | |||||||
| Improved | 80 | (26.5) | 222 | (73.5) | 302 | (21.5) | < 0.001 |
| Same | 202 | (19.3) | 845 | (80.7) | 1047 | (74.5) | |
| Worsened | 24 | (42.1) | 33 | (57.9) | 57 | (4.0) | |
| Visual analogue scale of pain, mean (SD) | 3.39 | (3.7) | 3.57 | (3.9) | 3.54 | (3.7) | 0.475 |
| Grip strength, mean (SD) | 3.37 | (5.6) | 4.81 | (7.1) | 4.49 | (6.8) | 0.001 |
| Falls, n (%) | 180 | (21.5) | 657 | (78.5) | 837 | (59.5) | 0.776 |
| Number of medications, median (IQR) | 3 | (0–12) | 3 | (0–16) | 3 | (0–16) | 0.112 |
| Feeling sad in the last two weeks, n (%) | 128 | (20.8) | 485 | (79.2) | 613 | (68.5) | 0.221 |
| Charlson index, median (RIC) | 4 | (1–13) | 6 | (5–10) | 4 | (1–13) | 0.896 |
| MMSE, mean (SD) | 17.8 | (7.0) | 19.4 | (6) | 19.41 | (6.3) | < 0.001 |
| Barthel index, mean (SD) | 63.32 | (34.2) | 72.16 | (28.6) | 70.29 | (30.1) | < 0.001 |
| ISAR, n (%) | 198 | (17.1) | 960 | (82.9) | 1158 | (82.4) | 0.001 |
| FRAIL, n (%) | 134 | (21.8) | 480 | (78.2) | 614 | (45.2) | < 0.001 |