Fig 2.

Primary outcome and patient reported secondary outcomes in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia receiving prostatic artery embolisation (PAE) or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). (A) Improvements in the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) after PAE and TURP. (B) Mean difference in IPSS (primary efficacy endpoint) between treatment groups. Secondary endpoints between PAE and TURP for (C) IPSS related quality of life (QoL); (D) chronic prostatitis symptoms index (CPSI) assessing pain, urinary symptoms, and quality of life; and (E) international index of erectile function (IIEF). I bars in (A, C, D, E) indicate 95% confidence intervals. Boxes in (B) show the interquartile range, with central lines indicating the median. Each whisker extends to the most extreme data point, which deviates no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box. Points indicate observations, which lie beyond the extremes of the whiskers. Preop=before the operation (that is, baseline). P values (apart from part B) are reported for differences of change from baseline between both treatments. Means are calculated from the complete dataset at each visit. Occasional missing values for parts (D) and (E) cause slight differences between the mean change from baseline to a follow-up visit and the difference between mean values at individual time points reported in the text