Table 1.

Total SOD and total GPx activities, MDA concentrations, and protein carbonyls in the pancreas of WT, Heph/Cp KO, Cp KO, and Heph KO mice at 6 months of age^*.

Oxidative stress markers	WT	Heph/Cp KO	Cp KO	Heph KO
Total SOD activity (U/mg protein)	23 ± 1.3a	8 ± 1.0b	16 ± 1.3c	22 ± 1.3a
Total GPx activity (U/mg protein)	6.9 ± 0.6a	2.0 ± 0.2b	6.7 ± 0.5a	7.1 ± 0.7a
MDA concentration (nmol/mg protein)	0.5 ± 0.1a	2.6 ± 0.3b	0.7 ± 0.1a	0.5 ± 0.1a
Protein carbonyls (nmol/mg protein)	1.2 ± 0.1a	1.7 ± 0.1b	1.3 ± 0.1a	1.2 ± 0.1a

Results without common letters are significantly different, p < 0.05. SOD, superoxide dismutase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; MDA, malondialdehyde; WT, wild-type; Heph/Cp KO, hephaestin and ceruloplasmin double knockout; Cp KO, ceruloplasmin knockout; Heph/Cp KO, hephaestin knockout.

^*Values represent the mean ± SEM, n = 6.