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Lithium and valproic acid (VPA) increase synapsin IIb gene expression. Synapsin IIb gene mRNA expression increased post lithium and VPA treatment (P<.0001). A significant increase in gene expression was observed in the hippocampus (Hippo) and striatum (Str) by lithium and VPA treatment individually. *P<.05, **P<.01, ****P<.0001.
