Figure 2.
Intrahost nonsynonymous (red) and synonymous (blue) nucleotide diversity (π) in natural WNV infections of bird hosts and mosquito vectors (A) by sample and (B) by coding region, excluding samples B2 and M10-13. Asterisks indicate statistical significance after a Benjamini-Hochberg correction procedure for tests of the hypothesis that πN = πS, with *Q < 0.05, **Q < 0.01, and ***Q < 0.001. For individual samples, significance was determined using Z-tests with 10,000 bootstrap replicates. For coding regions, πN and πS estimates were calculated as the mean of all relevant hosts, with significance determined using Wilcoxon signed rank tests.