Table 3.

Risk factors for health care utilization and expenditures

Variable	PMBT (n = 383)		SMBT (n = 940)
	RR (95% CI)	P-value	RR (95% CI)	P-value
Late Hospice Care a
Age	1.14 (0.77–1.68)	0.52	1.06 (0.86–1.29)	0.60
Male	2.53 (0.91–7.08)	0.08	1.16 (0.79–1.69)	0.45
Nonwhite	1.84 (0.60–5.69)	0.29	0.80 (0.43–1.47)	0.47
Any comorbidity	2.33 (0.54–9.96)	0.25	1.21 (0.69–2.12)	0.50
Any hospital-based care	5.22 (1.78–15.3)	0.003	5.24 (3.00–9.13)	<0.001
No Hospice Care
Age	1.01 (0.82–1.25)	0.90	0.98 (0.85–1.12)	0.72
Male	0.89 (0.59–1.33)	0.56	1.33 (1.04–1.70)	0.02
Nonwhite	1.59 (1.03–2.78)	0.04	1.56 (1.17–2.09)	0.003
Any comorbidity	0.87 (0.54–1.39)	0.56	1.20 (0.83–1.73)	0.34
Any hospital-based care	6.99 (3.55–13.75)	<0.001	3.64 (2.55–5.21)	<0.001
Cancer Therapy
Age	0.85 (0.69–1.06)	0.15	0.86 (0.75–0.98)	0.03
Male	1.08 (0.69–1.71)	0.73	1.08 (0.86–1.36)	0.49
Nonwhite	0.48 (0.18–1.27)	0.14	0.72 (0.49–1.02)	0.07
Any comorbidity	1.16 (0.68–1.98)	0.59	1.55 (1.11–2.15)	0.009
Total Medicare Expenditures b	Estimate (95% CI), US dollars	P-value	Estimate (95% CI), US dollars	P-value
Any cancer therapy	−3789 ( −9404 −1825)	0.19	1672 ( −268–3613)	0.09
Any hospice care	−12138 ( −18065 to −6210)	<0.001	−1508 ( −3613‒598)	0.16

*Generalized linear models predicting risk for cancer-directed therapy (systemic therapy or radiation therapy), no hospice care, late (1–3 days prior to death) hospice care, and linear mixed effect models predicting total Medicare expenditures in the last 30 days of life for patients with PMBT and SMBT.

^aModel of late hospice care excludes patients with no hospice care (PMBT, n = 310; SMBT, n = 730).

^bModel also includes age, sex, race, any comorbidity, and any hospital-based care.