Table 1.
Effects of brainstem microinjection of glutamatergic antagonists on gastric motility and tone
| Antrum |
Corpus |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Condition | Treatment | Motility | Tone | Motility | Tone |
| Control | Kynurenic acid | 102.5 ± 17.6% | −14.3 ± 19.3 mg | 109.4 ± 4.8% | −0.01 ± 0.24 mg |
| HFD | Kynurenic acid | 63.8 ± 12.6%* | −117.0 ± 42.8 mg* | 55.1 ± 13.4%* | −73.7 ± 22.8 mg* |
| AP5 | 49.7 ± 6.5%* | −150.9 ± 59.3 mg* | 57.2 ± 8.9%* | −40.4 ± 57.2 mg* | |
| DNQX | 75.9 ± 10.2% | −50.4 ± 31.7 mg | 62.0 ± 19.0% | −22.7 ± 70.7 mg | |
| Kynurenic acid before vagotomy | 62.1 ± 23.9%* | −60.9 ± 10.3 mg* | 56.2 ± 8.2%* | −108.6 ± 24.1 mg* | |
| Kynurenic acid after vagotomy | 91.8 ± 4.5% | −3.7 ± 12.4 mg | 87.8 ± 4.6% | −0.6 ± 0.1 mg | |
| Kynurenic acid before l-NAME | 33.6 ± 9.6%* | −84.4 ± 5.2 mg* | 76.9 ± 12.1%* | −95.8 ± 9.9 mg* | |
| Kynurenic acid after l-NAME | 48.1 ± 24.1%* | −48.9 ± 7.9 mg* | 47.8 ± 24.8% | −118.9 ± 33.5 mg* | |
| Kynurenic acid before bethanechol | 47.1 ± 16.9%* | −78.4 ± 14.0 mg* | 73.8 ± 5%* | −105.4 ± 31.7 mg* | |
| Kynurenic acid after bethanechol | 136.8 ± 21.4% | −1.4 ± 19.8 mg | 122.2 ± 22.2% | −86.9 ± 47.8 mg | |
Values are means ± SE. HFD, high-fat diet; AP5, amino-5-phosphonopentanoate; DNQX, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; l-NAME, nitro-l-arginine methyl ester.
*
P < 0.05 vs. baseline.