Table 5.

Results for the prediction of initial status and change in health outcomes from regime-switching measures

	Negative affect		Pain interference		Phys. functioning limitations		ADL difficulties
	Est (SE)	β	Est (SE)	β	Est (SE)	β	Est (SE)	β
Regression parameters
Month-1 status
Step 1 (R2)	(.168)		(.435)		(.123)		(.153)
Average pain level	3.23 ( .91)	.33***	.28 (.03)	.61***	.12 (.03)	.34***	.12(.03)	.39***
Step 2 (ΔR2)	(.055)		(.055)		(.035)		(.030)
Amplitude of shifts	.80 ( .87)	.08	−.10 (.03)	−.23***	.01 (.03)	.02	−.01 (.03)	−.03
Persistence of states	3.58 (1.68)	.21*	−.02 (.06)	−.03	−.04 (.06)	−.06	−.05 (.06)	−.10
Dominance of higher state	1.50 ( .95)	.14	.08 (.03)	.16**	.07 (.03)	.16*	.06 (.03)	.18*
Rate of change
Step 1 (R2)	(.232)		(.320)		(.163)		(.117)
Change in average pain	2.90 (.65)	.43***	.21 (.03)	.59***	.08 (.02)	.43***	.08 (.02)	.39***
Step 2 (ΔR2)	(.044)		(.142)		(.116)		(.133)
Change in amplitude	.41 (.64)	.06	.00 (.02)	.01	.01 (.02)	.03	−.02 (.02)	−.11
Change in persistence	1.08 (.49)	.22*	.02 (.03)	.07	.00 (.02)	−.01	−.02 (.02)	−.09
Change in dominance	.04 (.44)	.01	.09 (.02)	.36***	.04 (.01)	.35***	.04 (.02)	.33**
Intercepts
Month-1 status	19.08 (1.32)		.98 (.05)		.99 (.06)		.84 (.04)
Rate of change	.48 ( .73)		−.21 (.04)		−.09 (.03)		−.10 (.03)
Residual variance components
Month-1 status	192.2 (25.9)		.28 (.04)		.28 (.05)		.21 (.03)
Rate of change	52.0 ( 7.9)		.11 (.02)		.04 (.01)		.04 (.01)
Residual Month 1	132.4 ( 2.6)		.48 (.01)		.05 (.01)		.05 (.01)
Residual Month 3	99.7 ( 1.9)		.35 (.01)		.05 (.01)		.04 (.01)

Note: All predictor variables were grand mean centered. ADL = Activities of daily living.

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001.