Table 3.
Effects of heat priming and post-anthesis heat stress on above-ground dry matter production (DM; g pot-1) in Yangmai 18 and Yannong 19 during different growth periods from 2015 to 2017.
| Cultivar | Treatment | Priming at stem-elongation | Priming at booting | Priming at anthesis | Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-2016 | |||||
| Yangmai 18 | NN | 25.29 a | 65.52 a | 85.60 a | 131.12 a |
| NH | – | – | – | 96.27 e | |
| P SH | 21.70 bc | 60.34 c | 82.30 b | 105.65 c | |
| P BH | – | 54.36 e | 80.58 b | 110.14 b | |
| P AH | – | – | 67.58 e | 100.86 d | |
| Yannong 19 | NN | 23.37 ab | 62.72 b | 80.37 b | 128.59 a |
| NH | – | – | – | 90.41 f | |
| P SH | 19.49 c | 56.94 d | 75.51 c | 92.56 f | |
| P BH | – | 50.37 f | 72.33 d | 103.76 c | |
| P AH | – | – | 59.36 f | 87.63 g | |
| 2016-2017 | |||||
| Yangmai 18 | NN | 27.60 a | 67.59 a | 90.60 a | 141.12 a |
| NH | – | – | – | 100.27 fg | |
| PSH | 23.96 b | 63.22 bc | 85.21 bc | 111.64 d | |
| PBH | – | 55.72 d | 84.63 bc | 116.11 c | |
| PAH | – | – | 70.58 e | 96.86 g | |
| Yannong 19 | NN | 24.04 b | 64.41 b | 86.41 b | 135.59 b |
| NH | – | – | – | 90.75 h | |
| P SH | 20.07 c | 61.63 c | 82.75 c | 105.56 e | |
| P BH | – | 50.39 e | 75.51 d | 102.76 ef | |
| P AH | – | – | 63.36 f | 84.64 i | |
| F-value | F- Y ear(Y) | 8.672∗ | 30.398∗∗ | 114.540∗∗ | 54.567∗∗ |
| F-Cultivar(C) | 34.246∗∗ | 77.348∗∗ | 241.843∗∗ | 286.698∗∗ | |
| F-Treatment(T) | 58.019∗∗ | 351.983∗∗ | 457.204∗∗ | 828.694∗∗ | |
| F-Y × C | 2.821 | 0.001 | 2.748 | 1.168 | |
| F-Y × T | 0.006 | 5.498∗ | 1.525 | 20.857∗∗ | |
| F-C × T | 0.100 | 2.883 | 6.315∗∗ | 7.657∗∗ | |
| F-Y × C × T | 0.003 | 1.477 | 1.702 | 5.343∗∗ |
NN refers to no heat priming + no heat stress at the grain-filling stage (control); NH refers to no heat priming + heat stress at the grain-filling stage; PSH refers to heat priming at the stem-elongation stage + heat stress at the grain-filling stage; PBH refers to heat priming at booting + heat stress at the grain-filling stage; PAH refers to heat priming at anthesis + heat stress at the grain-filling stage. FY × C, FY × T, FC × T, and FY × C × T refer to F-values for interactions of year with cultivar, year with treatment, cultivar with treatment, year with cultivar and treatment, respectively. ∗ and ∗∗ indicate significant differences at the 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively. The data are means ± SE (n = 3). Lowercase letters following the data within the same column refer to significant differences (P < 0.05).