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. 2018 Jun 13;9:253. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00253

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Copyright © 2018 Gu, Jing, Li, Huang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Neuromodulator changes in rats with menopausal depression. (A) Norepinephrine (NE) changes did not change much among the groups (P > 0.05, One-way ANOVA). (B) Dopamine (DA) decreased significantly after the stress and surgery treatment. (C) 5-HT decreased significantly after the stress and surgery treatment. (D) Cortisone increased significantly in the stress treatment groups (^*p < 0.01, ^**p < 0.001, repeat measure one-way ANOVA comparisons between the four groups on the 7th days).