Table 1.

Timeline for action and milestones to be achieved in the short (2020) and medium term (2025) outlines in the ZTB Roadmap (13).

Improve the scientific evidence base	Reduce transmission at the animal-human interface	Strengthen intersectoral and collaborative approaches
MILESTONES TO BE ACHIEVED BY YEAR 2020
Joint guidance developed for surveillance and management of zoonotic and bovine TB, at global and national levels	Capacity of national veterinary services strengthened for improving animal health, including detecting and controlling bovine TB in livestock and wildlife	Zoonotic and bovine TB properly addressed by government authorities and other stakeholders, in light of available evidence
Improved detection, recording and reporting of zoonotic and bovine TB within countries to allow more accurate estimations of disease burden	Efforts scaled-up to improve national food safety standards	Intersectoral and multidisciplinary collaborations established to build mechanisms and policies for One Health coordination and communication, within and between countries
Capacity of national healthcare and laboratory services strengthened for diagnosing and treating zoonotic TB	Community education campaigns implemented nationally to raise awareness of foodborne diseases and promote behavioral change	Global case for investment and business plan developed, providing rationale for investing in zoonotic and bovine TB and detailing the activities and resources needed
	Targeted surveys conducted to identify high-risk populations	Global advocacy strengthened to promote a research agenda that addresses knowledge gaps
MILESTONES TO BE ACHIEVED BY YEAR 2025
New, rapid diagnostic tools available for diagnosing zoonotic TB and rolled-out to high risk groups	New diagnostics assays available for livestock	Mainstreaming of One Health approaches into efforts to improve human and animal health at global, national and community levels
Appropriate drug regimens defined for effective treatment of zoonotic TB	Effective bovine TB vaccines available for livestock and rolled-out in endemic settings
Anti-TB vaccine available for people and rolled-out	Multi-species transmission pathways and sources of infection better characterized and used to inform the design of appropriate interventions