Study	Zurich ICU	Hadassah startle	Jerusalem fMRI	Zurich ward	Midwest resilience	Ohio MVA	Multisite ASD	Hadassah cortisol	JTOPS	TCOM	Amsterdam cortisol	Milwaukee	Amsterdam oxytocin	Studies with criterion (n)
Setting
ER admissions		X	X				X	X	X	X	X		X	8
Trauma ward/ICU admissions	X			X	X	X						X		5
Intervention study
Not intervention study	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X		X	X	X		11
Control group of intervention study													X	1
Active treatment (in part of the sample)									X					1
Inclusion
Age minimum (years)	18	16	18	18	18	18	16		18	18	18		18	11
Age maximum (years)	70	65	65	65			70		70	69			65	8
Language requirement	German			German; Italian; Spanish; Portuguese; Serbo-Croatian; Turkish; Albanian	English	English	English		Hebrew; Arabic; English	Japanese	Dutch		Dutch; English	9
A1 criterion		X	X						X		X		X	5
Admission length minimum (hours)				32	48		24							3
A2 criterion			X						X					2
Motor vehicle accident victim						X				X				2
Life-threatening or critical condition	X									X				2
Traumatic injury (soft tissue, internal, orthopaedic)					X									1
TSQ ≥ 5 and/or PDI ≥ 17													X	1
Exclusion
Injury severity criteria
GCS minimum	9			9		14					13		13	5
Severe head/brain injury				X			X			X	X			4
Head injury: LOC maximum (min)		Any LOC		15				Any LOC						3
Moderate head/brain injury							X				X			2
Admission length maximum (h)									168					1
ISS minimum	10													1
Unconscious upon admission									X					1
Injury requires (major) surgery								X						1
Intravenous catheter inserted								X						1
Burn injury		X												1
Develops life-threatening medical illness		X												1
Spinal cord injury with neurological deficit					X									1
Cognitive criteria
MMSE minimum					21	25				24				3
Cognitive impairment							X						X	2
Event criteria
Injury a result of self-harm	X			X	X						X			4
Injury resulting from intentional harm by others	X			X										2
Injury occurred when intoxicated								X						1
Health criteria
Medical or surgical conditions that interfered with participation	X			X	X				X	X				5
Currently psychotic (or bipolar)		X					X			X	X		X	5
Currently suicidal							X			X			X	3
Current drug abuse		X								X			X	3
Current alcohol abuse		X											X	2
Organic brain condition											X		X	2
Pregnancy								X					X	2
Pre-existing chronic PTSD								X					X	2
History of neurological disorder			X										X	2
History of psychosis		X	X											2
History of alcohol abuse		X	X											2
History of drug abuse		X	X											2
Current severe depressive disorder													X	1
Current severe personality disorder													X	1
Current physical illness not related to trauma	X													1
Serious dissociation										X				1
Chronic endocrine disorder								X						1
Chronic disease (high BO, arthritis, diabetes)													X	1
Pre-existing non-trauma-related mental health problems	X													1
Mental retardation													X	1
History of PTSD			X											1
History of epilepsy										X				1
Practical criteria
Distance from site or residency criterion						X	X		X	X				4
Ongoing victimization		X						X					X	3
Under police guard/incarcerated							X							1
Counterindication for oxytocin													X	1
Experienced other TE during 6 month follow-up			X											1
Substance abuse during 6 month follow-up			X											1

ICU, intensive care unit; fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging; MVA, motor vehicle accident; ASD, acute stress disorder; JTOPS, Jerusalem Trauma Outreach and Prevention Study; TCOM, Tachikawa Cohort of Motor Vehicle Accident; ER, emergency room; TSQ, Trauma Screening Questionnaire; PDI, Peritraumatic Distress Inventory; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; LOC, loss of consciousness; ISS, Injury Severity Score; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; BP, blood pressure TE, traumatic event.