Table 3.
Univariate analysis of the clinical characteristics of survival and nonsurvival patients suffered from nosocomial bacteremia caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
| Characteristics | Patientsa | P value | OR | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonsurvivors | Survivors | ||||
| (n=23) | (n=61) | ||||
| Male | 15 (65.2) | 43 (70.5) | 0.792 | 0.79 | 0.28–2.18 |
| Age (median (IQR)) (years) | 68 (46, 76) | 58 (41, 70) | 0.067 | — | — |
| Source | |||||
| Abdominal route | 1 (4.3) | 2 (3.3) | 1.000 | 1.34 | 0.12–15.55 |
| Cerebral spinal route | 1 (4.3) | 4 (6.6) | 1.000 | 0.65 | 0.07–6.12 |
| Central venous route | 0 (0) | 4 (6.6) | 0.571 | 0.27 | 0.01–5.26 |
| Primary | 9 (39.1) | 34 (55.7) | 0.223 | 0.51 | 0.19–1.36 |
| Respiratory tract | 11 (47.8) | 11 (18.0) | 0.011 | 4.17 | 1.46–11.87 |
| Skin/soft tissue | 1 (4.3) | 4 (6.6) | 1.000 | 0.65 | 0.07–6.12 |
| Urinary tract | 0 (0) | 2 (3.3) | 1.000 | 0.51 | 0.02–10.96 |
| Coronary heart diseases | 5 (21.7) | 9 (14.8) | 0.515 | 1.61 | 0.48–5.43 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4 (17.4) | 12 (19.7) | 1.000 | 0.86 | 0.25–3.00 |
| Hypertension | 6 (26.1) | 26 (42.6) | 0.211 | 0.48 | 0.17–1.37 |
| Hepatic diseases | 4 (17.4) | 6 (9.8) | 0.450 | 1.93 | 0.49–7.59 |
| Renal diseases | 5 (21.7) | 6 (9.8) | 0.163 | 2.55 | 0.69–9.35 |
| Malignancy | 4 (17.4) | 4 (6.6) | 0.206 | 3.00 | 0.68–13.18 |
| MODS during hospitalization | 4 (17.4) | 2 (3.3) | 0.045 | 6.21 | 1.05–36.64 |
| APACHE II score on admission (mean ± SD) | 21.74 ± 1.42 | 19.18 ± 0.71 | 0.116 | — | — |
| APACHE II score on the day of bacteremia (mean ± SD) | 22.39 ± 1.38 | 19.34 ± 0.68 | 0.056 | — | — |
| ICU stay | 22 (95.7) | 48 (78.7) | 0.098 | 5.96 | 0.73–48.47 |
| Any antibiotic exposure prior to positive blood culture | 23 (100) | 60 (98.4) | 1.000 | 1.17 | 0.05–29.66 |
| Duration of previous antimicrobial exposure | 11 (8, 24) | 14 (9, 23) | 0.811 | — | — |
| Aminoglycosides | 8 (34.8) | 10 (16.4) | 0.080 | 2.72 | 0.91–8.12 |
| Antifungal azoles | 7 (30.4) | 18 (29.5) | 1.000 | 1.05 | 0.37–2.97 |
| β-Lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations | 11 (47.8) | 34 (55.7) | 0.517 | 0.73 | 0.28–1.91 |
| Carbapenems | 18 (78.3) | 40 (65.6) | 0.302 | 1.89 | 0.61–5.81 |
| Cefepime | 1 (4.3) | 7 (11.5) | 0.436 | 0.35 | 0.04–3.02 |
| Fluoroquinolones | 12 (52.2) | 22 (16.4) | 0.216 | 1.93 | 0.73–5.11 |
| Minocycline | 2 (8.7) | 6 (9.8) | 1.000 | 0.87 | 0.16–4.67 |
| Nitroimidazoles | 6 (26.1) | 23 (37.7) | 0.441 | 0.58 | 0.20–1.69 |
| Third-generation cephalosporins | 6 (26.1) | 22 (36.1) | 0.446 | 0.63 | 0.22–1.82 |
| Abdominal or thoracic drainages | 9 (39.1) | 24 (39.3) | 1.000 | 0.99 | 0.37–2.65 |
| Central venous catheterization | 18 (78.3) | 37 (60.7) | 0.198 | 2.34 | 0.76–7.13 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 21 (91.3) | 37 (60.7) | 0.007 | 6.81 | 1.46–37.74 |
| Nasogastric tube | 11 (47.8) | 23 (37.7) | 0.459 | 1.51 | 0.58–3.99 |
| Urinary catheterization | 15 (65.2) | 34 (55.7) | 0.468 | 1.49 | 0.55–4.03 |
| Adequate empirical antibiotic therapy | 5 (21.8) | 21 (34.4) | 0.30 | 0.53 | 0.17–1.62 |
APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CI: confidence interval; ICU: intensive care unit; IQR: interquartile range; OR: odds ratio; SD: standard deviation; MODS: multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. aData were expressed as the number (%) of patients unless stated otherwise.