Table 1.

The presence of the EB and Wolbachia in parthenogenetic and sexual populations of Encarsia species from various geographic localities

Encarsia species	Repro. mode*	Host type†	EB‡	Wolbachia§	Collection site	Source for this study
E. berlesei	P	AS	+	−	Italy	¶
E. bimaculata	S	W	−	−	Sudan	‖
E. citrina	P	AS	+	−	Italy	¶
E. formosa	P	W	−	+	Ciba-Bunting Insectary, U.K.	**
E. lutea	S	W	−	−	Italy	¶
E. luteola	S	W	−	−	CA	**
E. hispida	P	W	+	−	Spain	¶
E. pergandiella	P	W	+	−	Brazil	**
E. pergandiella	S	W	+	−	TX	‡‡
E. pergandiella	S	W	−	−	CA	¶
E. perniciosi	P	AS	+	−	CA	††
E. protransvena	P	W	+	−	CA	§§
E. smithi	S	W	−	−	HI	§§
E. sophia	S	W	−	−	Murcia, Spain	**

^*P, parthenogenetic; S, sexual. 

^† AS, armored scale; W, whitefly. 

^‡ ±, presence or absence of EB. 

^§ ±, presence or absence of Wolbachia. 

^¶Laboratory culture, Universitá “Federico II,” Italy (P. Pedata). 

^‖Laboratory culture, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (R. Nguyen). Obtained from J. Heraty, University of California, Riverside, CA. 

^**Laboratory culture, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (M.H.). 

^‡‡Laboratory culture, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Mission, TX (M. Ciomperlik). 

^††Laboratory culture, University of California, Riverside, CA (R. Luck). Obtained from J. Heraty, University of California, Riverside, CA. 

^§§Field collection. Obtained from J. Heraty, University of California, Riverside, CA.