Table 3. . Prolonged length of stay (>6 days, >75th percentile).

Parameter	Estimate	95% CI	p-value
Age (years)
40–59	0.76	0.68–0.84	<0.0001
60–79	0.96	0.86–1.06	0.42
80+	1.54	1.26–1.88	<0.0001
BMI (kg/m2)
– < 20	0.93	0.76–1.14	0.50
– > 35	1.00	0.87–1.14	0.94
Nonelective operation	2.55	2.38–2.74	<0.0001
Female sex	0.99	0.93–1.04	0.61
Inpatient	2.11	1.36–3.29	<0.0001
Nonwhite race	1.19	1.09–1.31	<0.0001
ASA class
(2) Mild disturbance	0.78	0.64–0.95	0.01
(3) Severe disturbance	1.19	0.99–1.43	0.07
(4/5) Life-threatening/moribound	2.12	1.70–2.63	<0.0001
Comorbidities
Bleeding disorders	1.04	0.86–1.26	0.68
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder	1.01	0.88–1.15	0.94
Congestive heart failure	1.76	1.24–2.50	<0.0001
Diabetes	1.15	1.06–1.26	<0.0001
Dialysis (current)	1.28	0.80–2.06	0.31
Disseminated cancer	0.99	0.92–1.07	0.84
Dyspnea	1.09	0.95–1.24	0.23
Functional dependence	1.35	1.18–1.53	<0.0001
Hypertension	1.05	0.98–1.12	0.18
Renal failure	2.82	1.25–6.35	0.01
Smoking	1.09	1.01–1.17	0.02
SIRS/sepsis/septic shock	1.12	0.96–1.30	0.16
Steroids (for chronic condition)	0.98	0.90–1.07	0.60
Transfusion (preoperative)	1.99	1.14–3.46	0.02
Ventilator dependent	1.24	0.91–1.69	0.16
Weight loss	1.26	1.01–1.56	0.04
Wound infection/open wound (preoperative)	1.24	0.93–1.65	0.04

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologist; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome.