Table 2.
Successful cannulation rate according to insertion technique
| Variables | Ultrasound-guided method, n=57* | Landmark method, n=57* | P value | P value |
| n, %, median (IQR) | n, %, median (IQR) | |||
| Day 1 | ||||
| Success at the first attempt | 23/56 (41%) | 18/55 (33%) | 0.886 | |
| Success at the second attempt | 8/56 (14%) | 13/55 (24%) | ||
| Success at the third attempt | 6/56 (11%) | 7/55 (13%) | ||
| Failure at the third attempt | 19/56 (34%) | 17/55 (31%) | ||
| % success | 37/56 (66%) | 39/56† (70%) | 0.840 | |
| Day 2 | ||||
| Success at the first attempt | 5/16 (31%) | 6/17 (35%) | 1.000 | |
| Success at the second attempt | 2/16 (13%) | 3/17 (18%) | ||
| Success at the third attempt | 1/16 (06%) | 1/17 (06%) | ||
| Failure at the third attempt | 8/16 (50%) | 7/17 (41%) | ||
| % success | 8/16‡ (50%) | 10/17 (59%) | 0.874 | |
| Day 3 | ||||
| Success at the first attempt | 3/9 (33%) | 1/6 (17%) | 0.536 | |
| Success at the second attempt | 1/9 (11%) | 0/6 (00%) | ||
| Success at the third attempt | 1/9 (11%) | 1/6 (17%) | ||
| Failure at the third attempt | 4/9 (44%) | 4/6 (67%) | ||
| % success | 5/9§ (56%) | 2/6§ (33%) | 0.608 | |
| Day 4 | ||||
| Success at the first attempt | 1/4 (25%) | 0/4 (00%) | 0.617 | |
| Success at the second attempt | 1/4 (25%) | 1/4 (25%) | ||
| Success at the third attempt | 1/4 (25%) | 0/4 (00%) | ||
| Failure at the third attempt | 1/4 (25%) | 3/4 (75%) | ||
| % success | 3/4 (75%) | 1/4 (25%) | 0.486 | |
| Global success | 53/54 (98%) | 52/55 (95%) | 0.618 |
Comparisons between the groups were performed using the Student or Mann Whitney test for quantitative variables and the χ² test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.
*One case lost in the UGM group, one patient in the LM group presented an unexpected clinical deterioration before the first attempt
†One patient was successfully cannulated but with no record on the number of attempts.
‡In UGM group, at day 2, two patients were not punctured and one patient deceased between days 1 and 2.
§Two patients deceased between days 2 and 3 in UGM group and in LM group.