Table 1.
Summary of published associations between the Power of Food Scale scores and body mass index
| Sample characteristics | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First author and year published | Study type | Participants included | Age | BMI | N (% female) | Strength of PFS and BMI relationship |
| Appelhans (2011) | Observational study of food sensitivity, inhibitory control and food intake in medically healthy obese samples | Healthy overweight or obese women in USA | 31.0 ± 7.7 | 31.5 ± 3.4 kg m−2 | 62 (100%) | r = −0.17 |
| Cappelleri (2009) | Psychometric analysis of the PFS in (1) clinical and (2) web‐based samples | 1. Obese non‐diabetic in clinical trial for weight management in USA | 46.3 ± 11.0 | 38.6 ± 6.7 kg m−2 | 1741 (82%) | r = 0.02–0.24 for total/subscales scores and BMI |
| 2. Non‐obese healthy and overweight/obese (non‐diabetic and diabetic groups) in USA | 52.5 ± 12.8 | 33.1 ± 7.6 kg m−2 | 1275 (39%) | b = 1.47 | ||
| Burger (2016) | Investigation of neural correlates associated with anticipation for and receipt of palatable food | 1. Recruited from college campus in USA | 20.8 ± 1.3 years | 23.8 ± 2.9 kg m−2 | 44 (100%) | r = −0.22 |
| 2. College freshmen in USA | 18.4 ± 0.6 | 23.8 ± 4.3 kg m−2 | 398 (100%) | r = 0.05 | ||
| 3. Community‐based sample in USA | 32.7 ± 11.3 | 25.9 ± 7.3 kg m−2 | 100 (58%) | r = 0.13 | ||
| Carpenter (2013) | Cross‐sectional investigation of BMI and genetic polymorphisms in clinical weight‐loss treatment patients | Obese females and males in USA | 53.3 ± 15.5 | 33.1 ± 12.5 kg m−2 | 80 (74%) | r 2 = 0.12* |
| Finlayson (2012) | Observational study of weight change in university students | First‐year female and male university students in UK and Scotland | 19.2 ± 2.6 | 21.9 ± 3.2 kg m−2 | 250 (65%) | r = 0.05 |
| Lipsky (2016) | Cross‐sectional investigation of relationship between PFS and weight/dieting outcomes among US young adults | Female and male members of nationally representative study cohort in USA (NEXT Gen Health Study) | 20.3 ± 0.02 | 25.7 ± 0.30 kg m−2 | 2201 (59.2%) | β = 0.32 |
| Lowe (2009) | Initial validation of PFS | Female and male university students in UK and USA | 20.1a | 22.4 kg m−2 a | 466 (86%) | r = 0.03* |
| Rejeski (2012) | Investigation of the neural correlates associated with PFS in fasted and fed states | Obese sedentary older adults (50–80 years of age) in USA | 64.65 ± 6.84 | 33.97 ± 2.67 kg m−2 | 22 (55%) | r = 0.29 |
| Vainik (2015) | Analysis of relationship between eating‐related questionnaires | 1. Females from Estonia | 30.5 ± 9.8 | 22.5 ± 4.7 kg m−2 | 740 (100%) | r = 0.19*** |
| 2. First‐year university students in Canada | 21.1 ± 4.5 | 22.1 ± 3.8 kg m−2 | 456 (100%) | r = 0.05 | ||
| Thomas (2013) | Investigation of behavioural qualities in obese‐prone and obese‐resistant individuals | Healthy obese‐prone adults in the USA | 26.1 ± 2.8 | 30.4 ± 3.9 kg m−2 | 29 (52%) | Reported as not significant; no statistic provided |
| Healthy obese‐resistant adults in the USA | 30.7 ± 3.4 | 20.9 ± 1.9 kg m−2 | 29 (48%) | |||
a
No standard deviation provided.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.