Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study participants.
| Characteristics | Goji group (n=57) | Controls (n=57) | P |
| Age (y) | 68.89±9.04 | 70.19±7.79 | 0.412 |
| Gender | 0.437 | ||
| M | 19 (33.3) | 23 (40.4) | |
| F | 38 (66.7) | 34 (59.6) | |
| Educational level | 0.255 | ||
| Primary school | 10 (17.5) | 14 (24.6) | |
| Middle school | 27 (47.4) | 29 (50.9) | |
| High school | 9 (15.8) | 10 (17.5) | |
| College | 11 (19.3) | 4 (7.0) | |
| Hypertension | 33 (57.9) | 31 (54.4) | 0.850 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 13 (22.8) | 17 (29.8) | 0.542 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 29 (50.9) | 19 (33.3) | 0.088 |
| Smoking status | 0.799 | ||
| Never | 42 (73.7) | 40 (70.2) | |
| Former | 4 (7.0) | 6 (10.5) | |
| Current | 11 (19.3) | 11 (19.3) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.81±3.01 | 24.86±2.09 | 0.928 |
| BCVA, logMAR | 0.27±0.20 | 0.22±0.22 | 0.186 |
| MPOD, DU | 0.731±0.205 | 0.725±0.187 | 0.837 |
BCVA: Best corrected visual acuity; DU: Density unit; logMAR: Logarithm of minimum angle of resolution; MPOD: Macular pigment optical density; Values are expressed as mean±standard deviation unless otherwise noted; P values for any difference in groups derived from analysis of the independent sample t-test or Wilcoxon Rank Sum test for categorical variables; Body mass index was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in square meters.
n (%)