Figure 4.

Principal component analysis for season‐long colony development, behavior, and nutrition of Bombus impatiens. PCA grouped factors associated with resource abundance and foraging behavior (pollen and nonpollen foraging rates and corbiculate pollen mass) with colony growth and reproduction (maximum biomass and biomass gain, lifetime population, reproductive success, and number of reproductives). Pollen nutrition was not correlated to colony dynamics because it did not differ between colonies (see Section 2.1) and was assigned to a second factor where lipid and sugar concentrations were negatively correlated to protein concentration and P:L ratios