Figure 11.
Various T1/T2 dual-modal MRI contrast agents based on IONPs. (A) Magnetic coupling between T1 and T2 contrast materials and the structures for a dual-modal nanoparticle contrast agent. Reproduced with permission from 137, copyright 2010. (B) T1 and T2 images of phantoms were post processed using the AND logic algorithm. Reproduced with permission from 138, copyright 2014. (C) T1- and T2-weighted phantom imaging of GdIOPs (Gd2O3-embedded iron oxide nanoplates) under four different magnetic fields (0.5, 3.0, 7.0, and 9.4 T) and a comparison of r1 values of GdIOPs, IO cubes, and GdIO spheres in 0.5 T. Reproduced with permission from 140, copyright 2015. (D) Phenomenon of proton interaction with a spherical magnetic nanoparticle system: molecular water diffusion and chemical exchange with surface magnetic metals are related to their T2 and T1 contrast enhancements, respectively. Reproduced with permission from 139, copyright 2014. (E) Engineering heterogeneous nanostructures for magnetic coupling of T1 and T2 contrast agents with (left) core/shell structures or (right) dumbbell structures and the design of dumbbell heterostructures for dual T1- and T2-weighted MRI. Reproduced with permission from 142, copyright 2014.