. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Bone Miner Res. 2018 Feb 22;33(6):1066–1075. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.3393

Table 1.

Biomechanical properties of vertebrae and ulnae determined by uniaxial compression and 3-point bending (mean ± SEM).

	Lean (n = 6 rats)	Obese (n = 6 rats)	Diabetic (n = 6 rats)	ANOVA p-value
*Vertebra (compression)*
Stiffness (kN/mm)	4.16 ± 0.21	4.84 ± 0.15	3.53 ± 0.16^a,b	< 0.001
Yield force (N)	290 ± 24	439 ± 23^a	243 ± 20^b	< 0.001
Ultimate force (N)	335 ± 29	483 ± 18^a	267 ± 23^b	< 0.001
*Ulna (bending)*
Rigidity (kN-mm²)	4.49 ± 0.21	4.51 ± 0.14	3.83 ± 0.17^a,b	0.024
Yield moment (N-mm)	96.6 ± 6.0	95.8 ± 3.3	74.4 ± 7.2^a,b	0.022
Ultimate moment (N-mm)	110.9 ± 6.4	106.1 ± 3.0	100.2 ± 6.7	0.420

^a p < 0.05 vs. control by posthoc test

^b p < 0.05 vs. obese by posthoc test