Table 2.

Bone mass, geometry, and microarchitecture determined from micro-CT (mean ± SEM).

	Lean (n = 5–6 rats)	Obese (n = 6 rats)	Diabetic (n = 6 rats)	ANOVA p-value
Vertebra
Bone mass, BMC (mg)	17.0 ± 1.7	33.1 ± 2.4a	19.1 ± 1.1b	< 0.001
BV/TV	0.29 ± 0.01	0.28 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.01a,b	< 0.001
Tb.N (mm−1)	3.4 ± 0.1	3.7 ± 0.2	3.0 ± 0.1b	0.009
Tb.Th (mm)	0.084 ± 0.001	0.080 ± 0.002	0.073 ± 0.003a,b	0.003
Tb.Sp (mm)	0.269 ± 0.010	0.237 ± 0.014	0.304 ± 0.011b	0.005
Conn.D (mm−3)	57 ± 5	97 ± 9a	64 ± 7b	0.003
DA	1.76 ± 0.02	1.83 ± 0.04	1.81 ± 0.02	0.240
SMI	-0.07 ± 0.06	0.53 ± 0.2a	0.99 ± 0.08a,b	< 0.001
TMD (mg HA/cm3)	1229 ± 7	1198 ± 6a	1194 ± 9a	0.011
Ct.M (%)	70 ± 1	59 ± 3a	71 ± 2	0.006
Vertebral height (mm)	4.04 ± 0.07	4.32 ± 0.10	4.29 ± 0.07	0.220
Ulna
Bone mass, BMC (mg)	38.5 ± 1.2	45.4 ± 0.6a	43.7 ± 1.2a	< 0.001
Iap (mm4)	0.25 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.01	0.24 ± 0.02	0.849
Iap-avg (mm4)	0.26 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.02	0.702
Iml (mm4)	0.65 ± 0.03	1.13 ± 0.07a	1.07 ± 0.05a	< 0.001
Iml-avg (mm4)	0.82 ± 0.03	1.47 ± 0.07a	1.28 ± 0.07a	< 0.001
Section modulus, (mm3)	0.38 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.02	0.40 ± 0.02	0.741
TMD (mg HA/cm3)	1293 ± 12	1253 ± 7a	1234 ± 6a	< 0.001

^a p < 0.05 vs. control by posthoc test

^b p < 0.05 vs. obese by posthoc test