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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 21.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2015 Aug 28;115(18):10261–10306. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00244

Table 1.

Photophysical Properties of Some Approved PDT Agents or Those in Clinical Trials

dye photosensitizer λmax abs (nm) ε (M−1 cm−1) 1O2 quantum yield (ΦΔ)a year approved by FDA/EMEA/clinical trials
hematoporphyrin 630 1170 0.25–0.89 (FDA) 1990s38,50
protoporphyrin IX 635 5000 0.22–0.54 (FDA) 200015,38
m-THPC 650 39 000 0.22–0.50 (EMEA) 200151
verteporfin 689 31 200 0.79 (FDA) 200015
chlorin e6 654 50 000 0.75 clinical trials (Phase I/II)38
ethyl etiopurpurin Sn(IV) 666 33 900 0.70 clinical trials (Phase I/II)15,52
Al(III) tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine 675, also two-photon 100 000 0.36 –53–56
a

ΦΔ is less in aqueous, polar, or protic solvents versus organic solvents or in surfactants.