ALP activity of C2C12 for 7 and 14 days (A, B) and total calcium content produced by hMSCs (C) cells cultured on GrF, GrF/Hepa, GrF/BMP2 and GrF/Hepa/BMP2 scaffolds. Osteogenic gene expressions (D. RUNX2, E. BSP, and F. OCN) were studied by real-time PCR assay after 7 days of culture on the scaffolds. Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.