Table 2.
Results of Multi-Phase Mixed Effects Models with Cohen’s d Effect Sizes for the Slopes
| DBT + DBT PE (n=18) | DBT-No DBT PE (n=12) | DBT (n=8) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Leg 1 | Leg 2 | Leg 3 | Leg 1 | Leg 2 | Leg 3 | |
| PTSD severity, n | 18 | 18 | 17 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | 0.08 (0.12) | −0.40* (0.19) | −0.49* (0.20) | −0.30 (0.45) | −1.81* (0.85) | −0.06 (0.26) | −0.02 (0.47) | 0.02 (1.21) | −0.69** (0.25) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | 0.33 (−0.57, 1.23) | −0.98 (−1.88, −0.08) | −1.13 (−2.03, −0.23) | −0.30 (−1.21, 0.60) | −0.97 (−1.87, −0.07) | −0.10 (−1.00, 0.80) | −0.02 (−0.92, 0.88) | 0.01 (−0.89, 0.91) | −1.25 (−2.15, −0.35) |
| BPD severity, n | 18 | 17 | 18 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | −0.004 (0.007) | 0.004 (0.01) | −0.03* (0.02) | −0.09* (0.03) | 0.10 (0.06) | −0.001 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.07) | −0.03* (0.02) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | −0.27 (−1.17, 0.63) | 0.15 (−0.75, 1.06) | −1.06 (−1.97, −0.16) | −1.32 (−2.22, −0.42) | 0.74 (−0.16, 1.64) | −0.02 (−0.92, 0.88) | 0.27 (−0.63, 1.17) | 0.18 (−0.72, 1.08) | −0.91 (−1.81, −0.01) |
| Global well-being, n | 18 | 17 | 18 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | 0.15 (0.22) | 0.57 (0.42) | 0.25 (0.44) | 1.26 (1.20) | −5.47* (2.32) | 0.28 (0.41) | 1.23 (1.30) | 0.84 (2.74) | 0.79 (0.51) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | 0.31 (−0.59, 1.21) | 0.61 (−0.29, 1.51) | 0.35 (−0.55, 1.25) | 0.48 (−0.42, 1.38) | −1.08 (−1.98, −0.18) | 0.32 (−0.58, 1.22) | 0.43 (−0.47, 1.33) | 0.14 (−0.76, 1.04) | 0.71 (−0.19, 1.61) |
| State dissociation, n | 12 | 15 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.04 (0.02) | −0.05* (0.03) | −0.08 (0.06) | −0.07 (0.11) | −0.005 (0.03) | −0.05 (0.06) | 0.03 (0.10) | −0.06 (0.03) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | 0.20 (−0.69, 1.10) | −0.81 (−1.71, 0.09) | −0.92 (−1.82, −0.02) | −0.62 (−1.52, 0.28) | −0.31 (−1.21, 0.59) | −0.06 (−0.96, 0.84) | −0.35 (−1.25, 0.55) | 0.14 (−0.76, 1.04) | −0.86 (−1.76, 0.04) |
| Urges to suicide, n | 12 | 14 | 18 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.03 (0.02) | −0.03 (0.02) | −0.03 (0.05) | <0.001 (0.09) | −0.003 (0.03) | 0.04 (0.05) | 0.10 (0.09) | −0.01 (0.03) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | −0.24 (−1.14, 0.66) | 0.59 (−0.31, 1.49) | −0.75 (−1.65, 0.15) | −0.29 (−1.19, 0.61) | 0.0004 (−0.90, 0.90) | −0.05 (−0.95, 0.85) | 0.34 (−0.56, 1.24) | 0.49 (−0.41, 1.39) | −0.16 (−1.06, 0.74) |
| Urges to self-harm, n | 12 | 14 | 18 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | −0.001 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.02) | −0.03 (0.02) | −0.06 (0.04) | 0.01 (0.08) | −0.01 (0.02) | 0.02 (0.04) | 0.16 (0.08) | −0.02 (0.02) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | −0.07 (−0.97, 0.83) | −0.44 (−1.34, 0.46) | −0.74 (−1.64, 0.16) | −0.67 (−1.57, 0.23) | 0.08 (−0.82, 0.98) | −0.16 (−1.06, 0.74) | 0.21 (−0.69, 1.11) | 0.89 (−0.01, 1.80) | −0.32 (−1.23, 0.57) |
| Urges to use substances, n | 12 | 14 | 18 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.02) | −0.001 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.04) | −0.10 (0.08) | 0.02 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.05) | 0.11 (0.08) | 0.004 (0.02) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | −0.36 (−1.26, 0.53) | −0.23 (−1.13, 0.67) | −0.02 (−0.92, 0.88) | −0.25 (−1.15, 0.65) | −0.54 (−1.44, 0.36) | 0.30 (−0.60, 1.20) | 0.25 (−0.65, 1.15) | 0.60 (−0.30, 1.50) | 0.07 (−0.83, 1.00) |
| Urges to quit therapy, n | 12 | 14 | 18 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| Slope, B (SE) | 0.003 (0.01) | −0.03 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.02) | 0.05 (0.06) | 0.24* (0.11) | −0.04 (0.03) | −0.01 (0.06) | 0.09 (0.10) | −0.04 (0.03) |
| Effect size, d (CI) | 0.09 (−0.81, 0.99) | −0.51 (−1.41, 0.39) | −0.47 (−1.37, 0.42) | 0.39 (−0.51, 1.29) | 1.04 (0.14, 1.94) | −0.64 (−1.54, 0.26) | −0.08 (−0.98, 0.82) | 0.41 (−0.49, 1.31) | −0.69 (−1.59, 0.21) |
Note. CI = 95% Confidence interval.
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001.