Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of subjects.
| Characteristics | SLE | Control | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 400 | 659 | — |
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 36.33 ± 12.99 | 36.76 ± 11.40 | 0.586 |
| Male (%)/Female (%) | 41 (10.25)/359 (89.75) | 70 (10.62)/589(89.38) | 0.848 |
| Disease duration (months) | 36.00 (5.25–84.00) | — | — |
| SLEDAI, mean ± SD | 15.51 ± 7.54 | — | — |
| Arthritis (N(%)) | 103 (25.75%) | — | — |
| Proteinuria (N(%)) | 340 (85.00%) | — | — |
| Malar rash (N(%)) | 159 (39.75%) | — | — |
| Pleuritis (N(%)) | 125 (31.25%) | — | — |
| Pericarditis (N(%)) | 125 (31.25%) | — | — |
| Neurological disorder(N(%)) | 46 (11.50%) | — | — |
| Haematological disorder (N(%)) | 129 (32.25%) | — | — |
| Lupus nephritis (N(%)) | 254 (63.50%) | — | — |
| ANA-positive (N(%)) | 386 (96.50%) | — | — |
| dsDNA-positive (N(%)) | 260 (65.00%) | — | — |
| Sm-positive (N(%)) | 175 (43.75%) | — | — |