FIG 4.

Acidic mammalian chitinase regulates chemokines associated with classical and alternative macrophage activation after acute A. fumigatus exposure. WT and Chia^−/− mice were challenged intratracheally with A. fumigatus conidia, the right lungs were collected 48 h after exposure and enzymatically digested, and unfractionated lung cells were cultured in triplicate for 24 h. (A to C) IFN-γ (A), CXCL9 and CXCL10 (B), and IL-4 (C) levels in clarified coculture supernatants were quantified by Bio-Plex. (D) CCL17 and CCL22 levels in clarified lung homogenates were quantified by an ELISA. Shown are cumulative data from three to four independent studies (n = 4 to 5 mice per group, per study). For all graphs, *, **, and *** represent P values of < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively (unpaired two-tailed Student's t test).