FIGURE 1.

(A) A limited showcase of currently available VR technologies. Devices are sorted as a function of their ability to provide the participant with a sense that they are “in” a virtual environment (immersiveness; x-axis) and the system’s affordability (y-axis). “Window on World” refers to a traditional desktop and monitor setup. CAVE = cave automatic virtual environment – a real world room that leverages projectors and motion capture to create room-size virtual experiences. MR-safe equipment (joystick and buttonbox: Current Design, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, United States, goggles: cinemavision.biz) can be used during MR scans. (B) Examples of common perspectives presented to participants while actively navigating VEs or during spatial memory tests. Both first- and third-person viewpoints provide an egocentric perspective whereas a bird’s eye view provides an allocentric one.