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. 2018 Jun 15;9:634. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00634

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Copyright © 2018 Huang, Li, Li, Fan, Zhuang and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ginseng compatibility environment-induced toxicity-attenuated effect was a result of crosstalk of inhibition of βAR-Gs-PKA/CaMKII and activation of Epac1/ERK1/2 signaling axis. (A–F) Protein levels of PKA, CaMKII, pSer346-β2AR, pSer355, 356-β2AR, and GRK2 were analyzed. (G–I) Epac1 and the ratio of pERK1/2 to ERK1/2 were detected. The blots were quantified and presented as the fold of control levels. The values represent means ± SEM. ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01 vs. Con; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 vs. Mod; $P < 0.05, $$P < 0.01 vs. FBC.