Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of CKD patients groups.
| Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size (n) | 83 | 106 | 75 | 57 |
| Age (years) | 68.0 ± 11.2 | 63.2 ± 11.6 | 66.5 ± 13.4 | 63.0 ± 14.8 |
| Gender (% men) | 57 | 58.5 | 60 | 64 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.91 ± 0.61a,b | 1.90 ± 0.70c,d | 2.20 ± 0.84 | 2.23 ± 0.81 |
| eGFR (mL/min) | 38.7 ± 13.2a,b | 44.2 ± 18.5c,d | 35.1 ± 16.8 | 35.1 ± 18.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 5.5 | 28.2 ± 5.6 | 27.2 ± 5.1 | 27.6 ± 5.8 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 187.8 ± 48.7 | 187.2 ± 51.5 | 192.7 ± 54.3 | 195.5 ± 47.9 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 158.9 ± 65.3 | 163.0 ± 94.9 | 151.8 ± 99.5e | 221.5 ± 99.9 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 42.0 ± 10.3 | 42.0 ± 9.6 | 45.3 ± 29.1 | 43.3 ± 13.6 |
| Glycated Hb (%) | 6.3 ± 1.1f | 7.4 ± 1.4 | – | – |
| Bicarbonate (mM) | 21.1 ± 2.4a,b | 21.3 ± 1.7c,d | 22.7 ± 2.3 | 22.3 ± 2.0 |
a
p < 0.05 between G1 and G3.
b
p < 0.05 between G1 and G4.
c
p < 0.05 between G2 and G3.
d
p < 0.05 between G2 and G4.
e
p < 0.05 between G3 and G4.
f
p < 0.05 between G1 and G2.
BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high density lipoprotein; Hb: hemoglobin. Group 1: DM (diabetes mellitus) patients who adhered to diet; Group 2: DM patients who not adhered to diet; Group 3: Non-DM patients who adhered to diet; Group 4: Non-DM patients who not adhered to diet.