Table 2.
Groups | Before | After | p Values |
---|---|---|---|
Group 1 (n = 83) | |||
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.91 ± 0.61 | 1.63 ± 0.72 | 0.002 |
eGFR (mL/min) | 38.7 ± 13.2 | 51.1 ± 17.0 | <0.001 |
Urea (mg/dL) | 64.2 ± 13.2 | 60.9 ± 17.0 | 0.105 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 0.413 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 4.4 | 25.9 ± 4.6 | 0.579 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 187.8 ± 48.7 | 183.1 ± 48.2 | 0.599 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 158.9 ± 65.3 | 155.6 ± 48.4 | 0.793 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 42.0 ± 10.3 | 45.1 ± 11.1 | 0.183 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 140.9 ± 69.9 | 113.1 ± 26.9 | 0.03 |
Glycated Hb (%) | 6.3 ± 1.1 | 6.2 ± 1.0 | 0.527 |
Bicarbonate (mM) | 21.1 ± 2.4 | 22.4 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
Group 2 (n = 106) | |||
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.90 ± 0.70 | 2.03 ± 0.71 | 0.153 |
eGFR (mL/min) | 44.2 ± 18.5 | 38.2 ± 15.8 | 0.003 |
Urea (mg/dL) | 76.6 ± 38.3 | 78.5 ± 31.4 | 0.302 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | 0.142 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.2 ± 5.6 | 28.7 ± 5.9 | 0.489 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 187.2 ± 51.5 | 196.4 ± 50.1 | 0.200 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 163.0 ± 94.9 | 189.0 ± 99.9 | 0.260 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 42.0 ± 9.6 | 40.6 ± 6.8 | 0.417 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 142.0 ± 66.5 | 163.1 ± 61.8 | 0.089 |
Glycated Hb (%) | 7.4 ± 1.4 | 7.2 ± 1.3 | 0.408 |
Bicarbonate (mM) | 21.3 ± 1.7 | 23.1 ± 1.6 | <0.001 |
Group 3 (n = 75) | |||
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.20 ± 0.84 | 1.82 ± 0.82 | 0.03 |
eGFR (mL/min) | 35.1 ± 16.8 | 46.8 ± 21.4 | <0.001 |
Urea (mg/dL) | 70.9 ± 25.2 | 62.6 ± 26.3 | 0.05 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 0.122 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 5.1 | 27.7 ± 5.5 | 0.545 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 192.7 ± 54.3 | 194.0 ± 38.6 | 0.680 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 151.8 ± 99.5 | 122.8 ± 61.0 | 0.200 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 45.3 ± 29.1 | 46.3 ± 29.3 | 0.600 |
Bicarbonate (mM) | 22.7 ± 2.3 | 22.6 ± 3.2 | 0.871 |
Group 4 (n = 57) | |||
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.23 ± 0.81 | 2.42 ± 1.04 | 0.136 |
eGFR (mL/min) | 35.1 ± 18.2 | 33.7 ± 16.9 | 0.178 |
Urea (mg/dL) | 70.9 ± 31.2 | 71.7 ± 31.5 | 0.267 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | 0.090 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.6 ± 5.8 | 29.8 ± 6.0 | 0.101 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.5 ± 47.9 | 191.5 ± 29.6 | 0.367 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 221.5 ± 99.9 | 205.1 ± 63.0 | 0.657 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 43.3 ± 13.6 | 41.8 ± 9.1 | 0.157 |
Bicarbonate (mM) | 22.3 ± 2.0 | 23.3 ± 1.7 | 0.045 |
BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high density lipoprotein; Hb: hemoglobin. Group 1: DM patients who adhered to diet; Group 2: DM patients who not adhered to diet; Group 3: Non-DM patients who adhered to diet; Group 4: Non-DM patients who not adhered to diet.