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. 2017 Feb 2;39(1):357–362. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2017.1282374

Table 2.

Anthropometric and biochemical data at the beginning and at end of the follow-up period.

Groups Before After p Values
Group 1 (n = 83)
 Creatinine (mg/dL) 1.91 ± 0.61 1.63 ± 0.72 0.002
 eGFR (mL/min) 38.7 ± 13.2 51.1 ± 17.0 <0.001
 Urea (mg/dL) 64.2 ± 13.2 60.9 ± 17.0 0.105
 Albumin (g/dL) 4.1 ± 0.3 4.2 ± 0.2 0.413
 BMI (kg/m2) 25.8 ± 4.4 25.9 ± 4.6 0.579
 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 187.8 ± 48.7 183.1 ± 48.2 0.599
 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 158.9 ± 65.3 155.6 ± 48.4 0.793
 HDL (mg/dL) 42.0 ± 10.3 45.1 ± 11.1 0.183
 Fasting glucose (mg/dL) 140.9 ± 69.9 113.1 ± 26.9 0.03
 Glycated Hb (%) 6.3 ± 1.1 6.2 ± 1.0 0.527
 Bicarbonate (mM) 21.1 ± 2.4 22.4 ± 1.4 <0.001
Group 2 (n = 106)
 Creatinine (mg/dL) 1.90 ± 0.70 2.03 ± 0.71 0.153
 eGFR (mL/min) 44.2 ± 18.5 38.2 ± 15.8 0.003
 Urea (mg/dL) 76.6 ± 38.3 78.5 ± 31.4 0.302
 Albumin (g/dL) 4.0 ± 0.3 3.7 ± 0.1 0.142
 BMI (kg/m2) 28.2 ± 5.6 28.7 ± 5.9 0.489
 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 187.2 ± 51.5 196.4 ± 50.1 0.200
 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 163.0 ± 94.9 189.0 ± 99.9 0.260
 HDL (mg/dL) 42.0 ± 9.6 40.6 ± 6.8 0.417
 Fasting glucose (mg/dL) 142.0 ± 66.5 163.1 ± 61.8 0.089
 Glycated Hb (%) 7.4 ± 1.4 7.2 ± 1.3 0.408
 Bicarbonate (mM) 21.3 ± 1.7 23.1 ± 1.6 <0.001
Group 3 (n = 75)
 Creatinine (mg/dL) 2.20 ± 0.84 1.82 ± 0.82 0.03
 eGFR (mL/min) 35.1 ± 16.8 46.8 ± 21.4 <0.001
 Urea (mg/dL) 70.9 ± 25.2 62.6 ± 26.3 0.05
 Albumin (g/dL) 4.1 ± 0.4 3.9 ± 0.3 0.122
 BMI (kg/m2) 27.5 ± 5.1 27.7 ± 5.5 0.545
 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 192.7 ± 54.3 194.0 ± 38.6 0.680
 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 151.8 ± 99.5 122.8 ± 61.0 0.200
 HDL (mg/dL) 45.3 ± 29.1 46.3 ± 29.3 0.600
 Bicarbonate (mM) 22.7 ± 2.3 22.6 ± 3.2 0.871
Group 4 (n = 57)
 Creatinine (mg/dL) 2.23 ± 0.81 2.42 ± 1.04 0.136
 eGFR (mL/min) 35.1 ± 18.2 33.7 ± 16.9 0.178
 Urea (mg/dL) 70.9 ± 31.2 71.7 ± 31.5 0.267
 Albumin (g/dL) 3.9 ± 0.4 3.2 ± 0.3 0.090
 BMI (kg/m2) 27.6 ± 5.8 29.8 ± 6.0 0.101
 Cholesterol (mg/dL) 195.5 ± 47.9 191.5 ± 29.6 0.367
 Triglycerides (mg/dL) 221.5 ± 99.9 205.1 ± 63.0 0.657
 HDL (mg/dL) 43.3 ± 13.6 41.8 ± 9.1 0.157
 Bicarbonate (mM) 22.3 ± 2.0 23.3 ± 1.7 0.045

BMI: body mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL: high density lipoprotein; Hb: hemoglobin. Group 1: DM patients who adhered to diet; Group 2: DM patients who not adhered to diet; Group 3: Non-DM patients who adhered to diet; Group 4: Non-DM patients who not adhered to diet.