Table 2.

Standard z-score for 5 cognitive domains and 13 cognitive measures.

	HD group (n = 30)	Reference group (n = 30)	p value	Effect size r
Attention	−0.78 ± 0.64	0.41 ± 0.97	<.001	0.59
DSF	−0.73 ± 0.68	0.18 ± 0.84	<.001	0.51
DSB	−0.55 ± 0.78	0.56 ± 1.25	<.001	0.47
Visuospatial
RCFT	−1.42 ± 1.95	0.08 ± 0.55	<.001	0.46
Language
S-K-BNT	−1.07 ± 0.57	0.68 ± 0.87	<.001	0.61
Memory	−1.47 ± 1.19	0.54 ± 0.46	<.001	0.74
SVLT-IR	−0.77 ± 0.79	0.44 ± 0.75	<.001	0.62
SVLT-DR	−1.36 ± 0.86	0.19 ± 0.52	<.001	0.74
SVLT-R	−0.83 ± 1.28	0.54 ± 0.71	<.001	0.55
Executive function	−1.72 ± 3.05	0.86 ± 0.69	<.001	0.50
VF-S	−0.80 ± 0.83	0.27 ± 0.99	<.001	0.53
VF-P	−1.07 ± 0.57	0.68 ± 0.87	<.001	0.77
K-SCWT	−1.08 ± 1.12	0.33 ± 0.82	<.001	0.58
DSCT	−0.68 ± 1.16	0.88 ± 0.84	<.001	0.61
TMT-A	−1.29 ± 3.26	0.62 ± 0.66	<.004	0.38
TMT-B	−1.73 ± 2.96	0.52 ± 0.44	<.001	0.47

Values are presented as mean ± SD for normally distributed continuous variables, median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed continuous variables. (1) attention (DSF, digit span forward and DSB, digit span backward), (2) visuospatial function (RCFT, Rey Complex Figure Test copying), (3) language (S-K-BNT, Short form of the Korean-Boston Naming Test: 15 items), (4) memory (SVLT-IR, Seoul Verbal Learning Test: 3 trials of a 12-word list learning, SVLT-DR, 20-min delayed free recall, and recognition [SVLT-R]), and (5) executive function and working memory (verbal fluency test; VF-S, semantic and VF-P, phonemic fluency tests; K-SCWT, Korean version of Stroop Color-Word Test; DSCT, Digit Symbol Coding Test, TMT-A, Trail Making Test part A; TMT-B, Trail Making Test part B).