Table 1.
Demographics and CGM measures
| CF | HC | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 93 | 29 | |
| Age (years) | 14 ± 3 | 14 ± 4 | 0.99 |
| Male | 44 (47) | 12 (41) | 0.58 |
| BMI z score | −0.09 ± 0.8 | −0.29 ± 0.7 | 0.21 |
| Weight (kg) | 49.4 ± 13.3 | 46.2 ± 14.7 | 0.31 |
| Height (cm) | 157.8 ± 13.3 | 155.0 ± 16.1 | 0.39 |
| Race | 0.20 | ||
| White | 83 (89) | 25 (86) | |
| Hispanic | 9 (10) | 2 (7) | |
| Other | 1 (1) | 2 (7) | |
| Genotype | |||
| Classes I–III | 84 (90) | ||
| Classes IV and V | 4 (4) | ||
| Unidentified | 5 (6) | ||
| Pancreatic insufficient | 90 (97) | ||
| Gastronomy tube feedings | 18 (19) | ||
| CFTR modulator use | 28 (30) | ||
| Insulin use | 23 (25) | ||
| FVC (%) | 98 ± 14 | ||
| FEV1 (%) | 90 ± 13 | ||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 97 ± 22 | 88 ± 8 | <0.0007 |
| 1-h plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 201 ± 61 | 112 ± 26 (n = 12) | <0.0001 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 150 ± 50 | 107 ± 22 | <0.0001 |
| CF and normal glycemia | 24 (26) | ||
| CF and abnormal glycemia | 41 (44) | ||
| CF-related diabetes | 28 (30) | ||
| HbA1c [% (mmol/mol)] | 5.7 ± 0.8 (39 ± 9) | 5.1 ± 0.2 (32 ± 2) | <0.0001 |
| FA (mmol/L) | 243 ± 34 | 234 ± 16 | 0.06 |
| Total albumin (g/dL) | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 0.3 | 0.03 |
| GA (%) | 13.0 ± 2.7 | 12.1 ± 0.9 | 0.01 |
| 1,5-AG (μg/mL) | 18.9 ± 7.4 | 23.7 ± 8.2 | 0.008 |
| CGM measures | |||
| Average glucose (mg/dL) | 116 ± 29 | 101 ± 10 | <0.0001 |
| Average day glucose (mg/dL) | 118 ± 31 | 101 ± 10 | <0.0001 |
| Average night glucose (mg/dL) | 112 ± 27 | 99 ± 9 | 0.0001 |
| Maximum day glucose (mg/dL) | 217 ± 59 | 148 ± 23 | <0.0001 |
| Maximum night glucose (mg/dL) | 170 ± 52 | 135 ± 23 | <0.0001 |
| Minimum glucose (mg/dL) | 63 ± 13 | 66 ± 10 | 0.21 |
| Average AUC/day (mg/min/dL) | 1.7 × 105 ± 4.2 × 104 | 1.4 × 105 ± 1.4 × 104 | <0.0001 |
| Excursions >140/day | 2.8 ± 1.5 | 0.8 ± 1 | <0.0001 |
| Excursions >200/day | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0 ± 0 | <0.0001 |
| % time >140 mg/dL | 14 ± 17 | 1.9 ± 4.6 | <0.0001 |
| % time >200 mg/dL | 3 ± 13 | 0 ± 0 | 0.03 |
| % time <70 mg/dL | 2 ± 4 | 1.6 ± 2.4 | 0.18 |
| % time <60 mg/dL | 1 ± 3 | 0.2 ± 0.5 | 0.01 |
| SD (mg/dL) | 25 ± 13 | 13 ± 3 | <0.0001 |
| CV | 0.2 ± 0.06 | 0.1 ± 0.03 | <0.0001 |
| MAGE (mg/dL) | 58 ± 28 | 27 ± 8 | <0.0001 |
Data are mean ± SD or n (%) unless otherwise indicated. FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.